Discussion On The Occurrence And Phylogeny Of The Flower Parts Of The Genus Polygonaceae

Polygonaceae is a single branch of Polygonales which has main characteristics as follows: membranous leaf sheath,leaves simple alternate,ovary superior,erect ovule and achene,etc.The research on floral organ plays an important role in the systematic study.However,the research on Polygonaceae in China is not yet complete,and there are still deep divergences on the evolution order of Koenigia,Polygonum and Rumex.In this study,the evolution of the floral organs of Koenigia,Polygonum and Rumex in Polygonaceae was studied.The evolution relationship of Polygonaceae plants was explored by using the morphological changes of flower organs.The classification of plants and the evolution of the study is to investigate whether the trimerous flower is more highly evolved than the pentamerous flower and flower 6(2 rounds)of the plantsIn this study,the parthenogenesis and development of 10 species of Polygonaceae were studied.The main test results and conclusions are shown as follows:1.Through the observation of the order of the floral organ of Polygonaceae plants,it was found that Rumex floral organs occurred from the base to the top and the sepals of Koenigia have spiked from the base of the flower base,which occurs first from the axis and occurs after the axis.Polygonum seminal petals primordial are also spiked from the flower primordial,while the rounded inflorescence are thought to be spheroids evolved,indicating that Rumex is more evolutionary than Koenigia and Polygonum.2.Through the study of the symmetry of the flowers of the genus Koenigia,Polygonum and Rumex,the flower organs of the Koenigia and Rumex plants are irregularly distributed around the flower primordia.Polygonum is a half-moon primordia from flower primordial,while 5-centric tepals are symmetrical pentagonal star-shaped distribution.In the evolution of plants,the floral organ is evolved from symmetric asymmetry which means Polygonum is more primitive than Rumex and Koenigia.3.Rumex had six sepals,divided into two rounds,one of which has three sepals,six stamens;Koenigia has three sepals,three stamens;Polygonum has five sepals,stamens number of 6-8 range.It was observed that the stamens basically replaced the petals in 10 species of Polygonaceae we investigated and polygonum with more stamens is usually considered to be more primitive indicating that Polygonum is more primitive than Rumex and Koenigia.In conclusion,the study of the floral organ of the genus Koenigia,Polygonum and Rumex of Polygonaceae shows that the flower 6(2 rounds)of Rumex plants are more evolutionary than the trimerous flower of Koenigia and the pentamerous flower of Polygonum.