Research On Influencing Factors Of Manufacturing Agglomeration And Diffusion In Guangdong Province

Industry cluster is a hot topic in the academia enduring.Traced back to Comparative Advantage Theory and Heckscher-Ohlin Theory earliest used to explain the international trade,then to Location Theory taking the space factors into account,and latest to New Economic Geography,the theory and empirical analysis explaining the influence factor of industrial agglomeration and diffusion are increasingly rich.However,most of the existing research on influence factors played close attention to the whole industry,but ignored the possibility that different types of industry might have different influencing factors because of the industry individual characteristics,which made it the relative lack of parts of current research.This article is trying to analyze the manufacturing industry of Guangdong province,to explore how the influencing factors explain the manufacturing space evolution and whether there are industry differences.The process should answer the following three questions: how is the manufacturing agglomeration and diffusion of Guangdong province changing at present,how do the factors effect on manufacturing agglomeration and diffusion,whether there is a difference in the mechanism of factors among different industries or not.The 29 double-digit manufacturing industries in Guangdong Province of period from 2000 to 2014 are taken as the research object.The article first divides them into labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries,and then analyzes the characteristics of spatial evolution of manufacturing industry in Guangdong Province,with the help of Space Gini coefficient and industry concentration index.This paper has drawn the following conclusions: The spatial pattern of Guangdong province displays agglomeration at first and turns to diffusion since 2005.Pearl River Delta still keeps the dominant position,despite all types of industries begin to diffuse in different degree.Manufacturing industries have displayed significant industrial differences.The space concentration of technology-intensive industries is significantly higher than capital-intensive and labor-intensive industries.Technologyintensive industries remain relatively stable concentration in Pearl River Delta,while capitalintensive and labor-intensive industries tend to diffuse in different speed.Capital-intensive industries diffuse in a slightly faster speed than labor-intensive industries.It's not the rising cost of factor of production but the agglomeration externalities and Economies of scale that drive industry agglomeration and diffusion.Industry specialization and internal economies of scale constitute centripetal force,while transport cost and government force constitute centrifugal force.There are some differences in the influencing factors of industrial agglomeration.On the whole,labor cost affects labor-intensive significantly,and the agglomeration of capitalintensive industries is greatly influenced by government policy while industry specialization obviously promotes the agglomeration of technology-intensive industries.