Research On The Model Of Public Bicycles Companies Government Subsidies Based On Game Theory

With the acceleration of urbanization, the increasing number of private cars, what comes next is traffic congestion, energy consumption increased, worsening pollution and more frequent accidents, sustainable urban development has been hampered, residents living environment has been threatened. To solve this problem, residents are actively advocated to use public transport, including rail and buses, at home and abroad. Public transport, due to their own limitations, which led to the "last kilometer" awkward questions. Public bicycles became the best way to solve this problem. Among domestic supply mode, the cooperation between government and enterprises has become the most successful public bicycle service mode. However, in this mode, there is a policy-related losses during public bicycle operation. The government must give some subsidies to operators to achieve sustainable development of public bicycle. In practice, however, there is a phenomenon that the amount of traditional government subsidies are set unreasonable, the nonsignificant incentive effect, pressure on government finances etc make rational and sustainable government subsidies challenged.This article adopts the combination of theory and practice research methods. First this article inducts and describes the definition and composition of public bicycles, analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of public bicycles and public bicycles industry, organizes the features of public bicycle subsidies and way of subsidies, and analyzes subsidies based on the full losses, fixed subsidies, subsidies according to passenger traffic and subsidies based on the quality of service. Then the article studies the mechanism of public bicycles companies government subsidies based on utility theory, analyzes government subsidies influencing factors, studies the decision-making stage of government and Game relation between government, public bicycle operators and passengers and thus establishes the public bicycles companies government subsidies model, and obtains a reasonable incentive coefficient government must set when the government subsidies utility maximizes, then analyzes an example. Finally, this article gives some suggestions for government regulation and business operations, and strives to make some additional research in the field of public bicycles government subsidies.This article summarizes the characteristics of public bicycle industry, analyzes the scientific and rational use of game theory to analyze public bike companies government subsidies; divides the task the operating companies undertaking,establishes a game theory based public bike companies government subsidies model, solves for the calculation of the amount of government subsidies, founds that the incentive coefficient of government subsidies was co-decided by corporate risk aversion, travelers time value, public bike rental costs, operating businesses effort for public bicycle rental amount influence coefficients, the cost factorm,minimum service level required by the government, random levels between enterprise effort and services, and founds that governments tends to set higher incentive coefficient to operating results more observable tasks. This paper, to some extent, makes up for some blanks, strives to make some additional research in the field of public bike government subsidies, and provides some guidance and reference for public bicycle government subsidy decisions during the actual operating process.