Research On High-gain Antennas

With the development of science and technology,antenna being a necessary component of wireless communication system,plays an important role in scientific research and our daily life.Many kinds of antennae are applied to many cases,such as TV station,mobile base station,station for satellite communication.Antenna,which can transmit and receive the modulated signal in a form of electromagnetic wave,serves as a transformation device between the guided wave and travelling wave in free space.Antenna is usually regarded as a linear,passive and reversal component.In general,the same type of antenna can be used as transmission and reception device for reversibility.There are many kinds of antennas,and there are many ways to classify them.They can be divided into receiving antenna and transmitting antenna from their operating characteristic.According to the shape of the radiation unit,the antenna can be divided into wire antenna,slot antenna and surface antenna.Wire antenna includes dipole antenna,loop antenna and spiral antenna.Slot antenna includes waveguide slot antenna,microstrip patch antenna and microstrip slot antenna.Surface antenna mainly includes horn antenna,parabolic antenna and dielectric lens antenna.There are many parameters describing the performance of the antenna,such as the lobe pattern,gain,effective aperture,antenna impedance,antenna polarization,etc.Each parameter determines where the antenna fits.However,the high gain of the antenna has been widely pursued in many parameters.Because under the condition of the same transmission power,when the antenna has high gain,the electromagnetic wave transmission distance will be long,and signal coverage will be wider.So scholars both at home and abroad have been dedicated to the study of high gain antenna.The existing high gain antennas include yagi antenna,Franklin antenna,parabolic antenna,microstrip structure high-gain antenna,etc.At first,this paper made a research on the basic theory of antenna,and then there are a few kinds of high-gain antenna was analyzed,and finally on the basis of the existing theory,a new type of series feed Franklin antenna is proposed.In comparision with traditional high gain antenna,this new type of Franklin antenna has small volume,light weight,simple structure,good directivity and high gain.