Research On Phased Array Antenna Based On Wide-Band And Wide-Angle Matching Layer

Phased array antennas are widely used in radar,electronic warfare and information communication fields.Wide-bandwidth and wide-angle scanning phased array can achieve high-rate information transmission and wide-range beam coverage,which can improve the performance of the whole system.Therefore,the realization of wide-bandwidth and wide-angle scanning array is not only a hot but also a difficult point in the research of phased array antennas in recent years.In the paper,the effects of the wide-angle matching layer on the scan characteristics and impedance characteristics of the array are analyzed.The effects of dipole array and Vivaldi array with dielectric matching layer,FSS structural matching layer and metamaterial matching layer on the scan performance of the array are discussed.The main research content is as follows:1.The scanning characteristics and impedance characteristics of the patch dipole array are discussed.The theoretical formula of the array with matching layer is deduced.The qualitative analysis of the metasurface loading and the FSS structure matching layer duality for the dipole array is discussed.The results show that the loaded dielectric matching layer and the metasurface matching layer can better improve the scanning characteristics of the D-plane and H-plane of the array,but the E-plane isn't improved.The article innovatively presents FSS matching layer,which can better improve the E-plane and H-plane characteristics.The scanning characteristics of H-plane are improved by using double-layer structure of FSS and dielectric layer.2.The numerically analysized array loaded with matching layer can improve the design efficiency,but it is difficult to use analytical formulas to analyze complex structure arrays.Next,the Vivaldi array is taken as the research object,and the generalized scattering parameter method is used to establish an infinitely large Vivaldi loaded with matching layer.The paper discusses the scanning characteristics of an one-dimensional Vivaldi array loaded with multiple layers.In this paper,the effects of single-layer dielectric matching layer,double-layer dielectric matching layer and double-layer FSS structure matching layer on the scanning characteristics of one-dimensional Vivaldi array are analyzed.The results show multiple dielectric matching layers improve the scan performance of the array better than single layer.What's more,the use of the double layers of FSS structure is better than the dielectricmatching layer,and the mutual coupling characteristics between the elements in the array are reduced.Finally,an one-dimensional Vivaldi array loaded with double-layer FSS structure is machined.The simulation and tested results show that this structure can improve the VSWR of the central unit less than 2 when scanning from 8 to 10 GHz to60°,and increase the array gain by 1~3dB,while also improving the cross polarization characteristics of the array during large angle scans.3.Finally,the equivalent transmission line model of anisotropic materials and the inversion formula of constitutive parameters of metamaterials are deduced.The scanning characteristics of an infinite Vivaldi array loaded with metamaterial matching layers are discussed.The simulation and optimization results using MATLAB show that the loaded metamaterial matching layer can provide more design freedoms.Besides,the use of biaxial anisotropic metamaterials is more effective than uniaxial anisotropic metamaterials.Finally,two kinds of metamaterial structures are designed and full-wave simulation analysis is performed,which is basically consistent with the optimization results of MATLAB.