| Objective 3D printing technology can produce high-precision industrial parts.It has reached the requirements in the field of orthopedics and other medical applications.However,due to the complex anatomical structure of the oral and maxillofacial,irregular skeletal shape,,teeth and its adjacency,the repairment and reconstruction have higher requirements.In this study,3D model of maxillofacial bone were performed in animal experiments to verify the accuracy of 3D printing.Digital and 3D printing for maxillofacial reconstruction were applicated to clarify its application value,and to provide basis for accurate reconstruction of maxillofacial bone.Methods 1.The skull bones of Beagle and human were scanned by CT.The raw data of CT scanning were input into Mimics software to reconstruct the 3D digital model.Then the 3D digital skull model was transformed into STL format.Craniofacial bone 1:1 model was printed with SLA rapid prototyping 3D laser printer.Measurement points were set on the model and skull specimen.The points were measured by vernier caliper.The points on skull model and skull specimen were compared to determine the accuracy of 3D printing.2.From January 2015 to November 2015,10 cases with defects and malformations of facial bones in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,were enrolled,including one orbital floor fracture with diplopia,one jaws deformities,one cancer of the floor of the mouth,one maxillary cyst,and two cases with benign tumor of the mandible(one ameloblastoma,one ossifying fibroma).2 cases of mandibular bulging,deformation,were reconstructed by computer-assisted mirror and repair techniques.3.Ten cases with jaws malformation in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were enrolled,including maxillary protrusion or retrusion,mandibular protrusion or retrusion,partial jaw deformity,etc.Three-dimensional CT scans were performed to obtain the original DICOM data,which was input software to reconstruct 3D digital model.Then 3D digital model was transformed into STL format.3D real model was printed by laser printer in 1:1.Preoperative design and operation rehearse were made on the real model.Results 1.The difference of points between beagle skull model and specimen was(0.20±0.09)mm,P> 0.05.There were no significant difference between the two groups.The difference of points between human skull model and specimen was(0.17±0.26)mm,P> 0.05.There were no significant difference between the two groups too.2.3D printed model clearly showed the status of orbital floor fracture to achieve precious preoperative plate shaping.Preoperative model surgery was performed on the 3D printed skull model.Perfect reconstruction of the mandible defect was achieved through the 3D printed model.By using mirror image technique in reconstruction of mandibular defects,the time of titanium plate shaping was reduced and better appearance was obtained.3.3D model clearly showed jaws malformation,verified the result of cephalometric analysis.Jaw osteotomy and rigid internal fixation with small titanium plate were performed on 3D printing model.Real model surgery in orthognathic surgery achieved through 3D printing technique.Conclusions 1.3D printing can accurately print the maxillofacial contour model,high precision,small error.2.3D printing technology has great values in the reconstruction of the defects and malformations of facial bones,accurate,safe,reliable and time-saving.3.It creatively realized the real model surgery which also had a great value in orthognathic surgery. |
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