A Research On The Guarantee Of Oral History Collection Of Ethnic Minorities In China

In the course of historical development and production practice,the ethnic minorities in China have formed a rich and varied national cultural heritage.the ethnic minorities in China have formed a rich and varied national cultural heritage.However,along with the development of social economy and the progress of science and technology,although they have brought about various changes for people's lives of all ethnic groups in China,they have also led to the gradual erosion of the traditional culture of many ethnic minorities by modern civilization,especially,due to the poor condition of protection,the cultural heritages that passed on by the word of mouth are on the verge of extinction.In recent years,China has become increasingly aware of the importance of the intangible cultural heritage rescue and protection.The archives and other departments have been constantly enriching the types of archives collected by the public,and have turned their views from the previous social elites to the mass population.As an integral part of the Chinese cultural heritage,ethnic minority archives have gradually gained the attention by many departments.From the ethnic minority culture's characteristic of "collective memory,oral instruction that inspires true understanding",the collection of ethnic cultures through oral archives is undoubtedly one of the important ways to protect minority culture.Based on the existing theories and practical results of archives,history,and ethnology,the thesis summarizes the collection of oral archives in ethnic minorities in China,and specifically elaborates the collection process of ethnic minority oral archives and proposes various safeguard measures required during the collection process.In the first place,the thesis elaborates the research background,research significance,research methods and research content of ethnic minorities' oral archives.In the next step,through the method of online investigation,it collects and summarizes the theoretical research results and experience concerning ethnic minorities oral archives in the archives and history circles at home and abroad.Secondly,it summarizes and analyzes the basic theories of the concept,characteristics,value,and function of ethnic minorities' oral archives,and clarifies the significance of the collection of oral archives for ethnic minorities.At the same time,it also summarizes the current condition and insufficiency of researches on ethnic oral archives in recent years,especially for the lack of in-depth research on the oral archives of ethnic minorities.Moreover,the the main deficiencies in the collection process of oral documents is summarized.Thirdly,based on theories and practices related to the collection of oral archives,the specific procedures for the collection of oral archives of ethnic minorities are reorganized and summarized.Also,according to the collected contents,the collection process is divided into collection planning stage,collection implementation stage,and consolidation stage.The planning stage of the collection mainly includes the organization and concrete planning and implementation.The specific implementation includes the scope of collection,topics,collection objects,interview outlines,time and place,and equipment preparation.The implementation stage includes the communication before the interview,conducting the interviews and the requirements after interview.The consolidation stage includes the transcription of audio and video or the oral materials,digitization of related materials,archiving of collected data,compilation and publication of oral archives,and construction of oral archive database.Fourthly,based on the collection process of oral archives,the suggestions that there must be basic guarantee and institutional guarantee in the collection process to support the smooth development of oral collection are proposed.Basic guarantee are reflected in several aspects such as organizational guarantee,personnel guarantee,financial guarantee,and literature guarantee,while institutional guarantee are embodied in internal institutional guarantee,standard normative guarantee,and legal guarantee.Through the theoretical research and practical experience of archives and history in the fields of domestic and foreign archives and history,the thesis attempts to establish a reasonable and standardized collection process and safeguard mechanism for the collection of dictated oral archives of ethnic minorities in China to provide some references to the collection of ethnic minorities' oral archives.