Energy-efficient Clustering Routing Technology For WSN

Wireless sensor networks have a wide range of application in military,industrial and civil fields.Wireless sensor network nodes have advantages of light weight and low price,but the battery capacity of sensor nodes is effective,and their computing and storage capabilities are limited.Because wireless sensor networks are often deployed in harsh environments where people usually cannot achieve,replacing batteries for wireless sensors becomes a big challenge.People can extend the lifetime of network on the perspective of energy conservation.In wireless sensor networks,energy consumption is concentrated in the perception phase,data processing phase and communication process,in which the communication process occupies a large proportion of energy consumption.Restricted by the size and cost of the sensor.Therefore,it is necessary to design energy-efficient clustered routing protocols to maintain the stable topology of the network and extend the lifetime of the network.In this paper,it is assumed that the sensor nodes are deployed randomly.Firstly,the topology of the whole network is considered.The cluster-head nodes are clustered by using meta-heuristic algorithm.Then consider the data transmission process,mainly based on a distance threshold between the two points is determined by single-hop transmission or multi-hop routing.Thus,an energy efficient and load balanced clustering routing algorithm is proposed.(1)In the clustering stage,this paper proposes a multi-objective algorithm based on NSGA-? for cluster head selection.In the selection of targets,this paper designs four objective functions based on energy-saving and balanced load to regulate the cluster head.The optimal solution is selected from a large number of individuals through the cross-mutation of individuals and the distribution of non-dominant individuals.In the non-dominated classification stage of the algorithm,in this paper,in order to ensure the effective evolution of the population,one step is to sort individuals with the same crowding distance by weight value.In the stage of mutation,this paper changes the random variation into a purposeful variation,thus promotes the variation of the population.(2)In the data transmission phase,this paper uses the threshold based routing strategy.The research shows that when the distance between two points is less than a certain value,the energy cost of single-hop transmission is less than the energy consumption of multi-hop routing.Therefore,this paper adopts a layered routing strategy and proposes a method based on distance and residual energy to select the next hop of multi-hop routing.(3)The above two methods are applied to heterogeneous wireless sensor networks,select the appropriate sensor nodes as cluster head nodes,reasonable network clustering,hierarchical routing data transmission to ensure network topology The rationality of the structure reduces the node energy consumption and balances the load consumption of each node.