A Comparative Study Of The Management System Of Personal Credit Archives Between China And The United States

In China,it has been a tradition of advocating credit for thousands of years."The good faith,the friends of the world." Credit is a necessary condition for a nation to be brought together,because a society can form productive "trust structure" only by giving credit,and this "trust structure" is the important foundation for the healthy operation of the whole society.However,after entering in the 21st Century,with the gradual increase in the rapid economic development and people's living standards,China's social credit is facing a severe test,delinquent loans,tax evasion,plagiarism,cheating,dishonest breach of faith and a series of impostors are common occurrences,to construct a perfect social credit the system is extremely urgent.Personal credit is a basic part of the whole social credit system.Therefore,the construction of personal credit archives is an important guarantee for the smooth operation of the whole social credit system.America is the most perfect country in individual credit archive system.The construction of credit archives has been over one hundred and sixty years,and it has developed to be quite mature and consummated.However,the construction of personal credit files in China is still in a preliminary stage of development,and there are many places to be improved.Therefore,according to the management system of credit archives personal content,the four aspects of management system of credit archives in China and the United States generated from individual personal credit archives and status of the development process,personal credit archives and custody,credit institutions,personal credit archives laws and regulations for comparative analysis,find out the differences between the two countries.Through the analysis,we find that in the history and current status of the development of personal credit records,the personal credit records of the United States came much earlier than China and maintained a continuous development,while the personal credit records of our country appeared later and the development stagnated With interruption.Compared with the United States,there is a weak awareness of credit archives in our country,unreasonable establishment of credit service agencies,slow progress of relevant legislation,urgent need to standardize credit archives management,and insufficient protection of personal privacy.In terms of the generation and custody of personal credit records,the data source of personal credit records in the United States is wider than that of our country and is actively established,while our country is more or less established passively.There are mainly three differences in the credit reporting agencies:the first is the difference in mode of operation,the personal credit files in the United States belong to complete market-oriented private credit,while our country belongs to the public credit led by the government;the second is the personal rating system,The United States is represented by the FICO scoring model,while China now has a "flourishing" situation,such as sesame credit points,credit points Tencent,koala credit points,etc;the third is the personal credit information products are different,In addition to the basic personal credit report,in the type and number of credit derivatives,our country is far less than the United States.In terms of personal credit file laws and regulations,the differences between China and the United States are mainly reflected in the relatively small number of related laws,the lack of adequate and complete legal content,the low level of legal effectiveness,the actual law enforcement effect and the lack of protection for the privacy rights of citizens.The main differences between the dishonest disciplinary mechanisms are as follows:The first one is the emphasis on credit risk.The United States has established a set of sound credit risk prevention mechanisms.The United States must take the lead both in the awareness level and in the technical level.In our country.The second one is the punishment of the dishonesty.The punishment of the dishonest behavior in the United States is far greater than that of our country.The third is the fairness of the punishment.The pattern of the long supervision in the United States ensures the most effective and fair supervision,But only the People's Bank of China's credit regulatory agencies,it is difficult to guarantee the fairness of the actual implementation effect.Therefore,based on the differences between China and America,this paper discusses the problems in the construction of personal credit files in our country.And based on this,the author put forward some corresponding countermeasures on the development of individual credit archives in our country in future by contrasting the experience from the United States with the present situation of individual credit archive in China.How to improve people's awareness of credit archives,how to improve the overall credit level of the society and how to promote the development and perfection of our personal credit archives system are the keystones of this paper.