Research On Measuring Device Of Soil Parameter In Thawing Period For Conservation Tillage

Conservation tillage is a modern farming mode that protects the environment and improves soil quality,and the index measuring of soil environment is of great significance to guiding crop cultivation and agricultural production.At present,there are many methods and devices for measuring soil parameters,but there are less parameters measurement devices designed for conservation tillage agricultural land,and the devices able to measuring soil parameters and suitable for the conservation tillage in thawing period are even more scarce.In this paper,according to the above problems,a set of soil parameters measuring device was designed using for the conservation tillage during thawing period.The modules,including frozen-soil thickness measurement module,soil temperature monitoring module and soil moisture monitoring module,have been constructed in the design of hardware development by combining with sensor technology,wireless communication technology and embedded measurement and control technology to realized the real-time monitoring of the soil basic parameters during conservation tillage in thawing period.In this paper,the main research contents and achievements are as follows:(1)Based on the comprehensive analysis of the research statust of soil parameters measurement device at home and abroad,the overall design of soil parameters measuring system for conservation tillage was completed,and the key technology of the device was studied.(2)In this paper,we designed the hardware and software of the device in a reasonable way.Using an embedded chip STM32 as the core processor for soil parameters acquisition terminal device,according to air,water,ice and frozen soil conductivity differences to achieve real-time collection of the thickness of frozen soil information,the soil moisture content and soil temperature parameters are measured by soil moisture sensor and geothermal sensor.In this design,the GPRS DTU module was used as wireless communicator between the soil parameters acquisition terminal and the remote server to achieve the remote transmission,remote monitoring and remote storage functions of the basic parameters of soil environmental.(3)Based on VB and Access technology a set of remote monitoring and control system----conservation tillage soil parameters monitoring system has been developed.This system adopts the DAO(Data Access Objects)technology to access the Access database,using TCP/IP protocol to achieve data transmission in network.The system has a number of functional interfaces,which can realize remote real-time monitoring of soil parameters,historical data query and analysis,data report generation and other functions.(4)In this paper,we conducted equivalent resistance principle tests,the system communication tests and field tests,respectively.Tests results show that the method of measuring the frozen-soil thickness using an equivalent resistance measurement has higher precision and accuracy than that of using thermocouple thermometer measurement and deep frozen tube measurement,and the measurement is also more convenient,the device designed has a stable performance in this paper,and its remote communication quality is safe and reliable;the remote monitoring and control system can monitor soil parameters information in real time,and analysis its storage;all the sensors can satisfy completely the requirements of data measurement accuracy,the device can meet the specific requirements of remote monitoring,with high practical value.