The Research Of Energy Efficient Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network as a new mode of information acquisition,has become a hot topic of public concern.Wireless sensor network applications in environmental monitoring,disaster warning,smart home,building monitoring,medical assistance and logistics tracking and other fields.It makes our life more convenient.However,most of the sensor nodes are powered by the battery and can not be recharged after deployment.The limited energy has seriously affected the life cycle of the network and becomes the bottleneck in the research of wireless sensor networks.Therefore,the study of energy efficiency routing protocol to extend the network life cycle for the development and application of wireless sensor networks is essential.In order to solve the problem that the selection of cluster head nodes and the data transmission mode are unreasonable to consume excessive energy in wireless sensor network routing protocols,two energy efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor networks are designed.The first routing protocol selected the appropriate cluster head node by the unequal division of the monitoring area and combined the energy factor,the distance factor and the intensity factor.In the data transmission,the cluster head node sends the data according to the load balance path tree which constructed according to the topological relationship among the cluster heads.In addition,the average energy is introduced as the reference value for cluster head rotation.The second routing protocol is a multi-base station partition energy efficient routing protocol based on bat optimization algorithm.Due to the problem of the premature convergence of the bat algorithm,the chaotic strategy is introduced to improve the bat algorithm.The improved bat algorithm is used to select the cluster head node,and the fitness function is set by considering the energy,distance and density.In addition,in the data transmission phase,the cluster head node first filters out the neighbor node with the residual energy less than the energy threshold,and then selects the node closest to the base station as the next hop with the greedy idea.By designing a reasonable energy efficiency routing protocol can extend the life cycle of wireless sensor networks effectively.In the simulation experiment,two kindsof routing protocols proposed in this paper are simulated by MATLAB.The results show that compared with the existing routing protocols,the algorithm proposed in this paper makes the distribution of cluster head nodes more reasonable,and reduces and equalizes the energy consumption of the nodes effectively,improves the packet receiving capacity and the network life cycle.It is shown that the selection of the cluster head is optimized by rationally dividing the area and combining several important factors.According to the method of constructing the path tree or using the energy threshold filter and selecting the next hop according to the distance,the data transmission mode is more effective and the experiment verifies the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.