Mobile Communication Base Station Lightning Protection Technology Research

Lightning is discharge phenomenon in cumulonimbus,with its strong currents,hot temperature,shock-wave,drastic changes in the electromagnetic field and the intense electromagnetic radiation and other physical effects.Therefore it has the huge destructive effect,and often causes human and animal lightning casualties,damaged buildings,causing forest fire,or destroying power supply system and communication facilities,aviation safety threat to human society,and caused severe damage and loss.Lightning disaster is the most serious of the ten natural disasters published by the United Nations"international disaster reduction ten years",but also is called" a major public hazard in electronic age" by the International Electro technical Commission.With the development of mobile communications industry,mobile communication network scale is expanding constantly,the mobile communication base station quantity also is increasing,and the mobile communication base station antenna settings are often installed in the tower and building roofs.Relative to the surrounding environment,it forms very prominent targets and leads to increase lightning strike probability.The lightning damage of communication equipment affects the normal communication and causes huge losses.What's more,repairing the damaged equipments may spend a great deal of manpower and financial resources.This paper first analyzes the mobile communication base station lightning protection lightning hazards easy type and importance,in the analysis of mobile base station system from lightning damage on the basis of reason.With many years of practical experience,the lightning protection measures of mobile base station system are given.Before the lightning protection design of the base station,the lightning risk assessment is conducted to determine the lightning protection level.That is to say,the lightning protection level A,B,C,D are identified by E=1-Nc/N.The lightning protection of the mobile communication base station should be as comprehensive engineering to consider and emphasize the comprehensive protection.This paper analyzes the external and internal lightning protection of the mobile communication base station.External lightning protection analysis of mobile communication base station includes several forms and the paper firstly discusses the mobile communication tower in different parts of several ways.Reducing grounding resistance methods are given,including reducing the soil electrical resistivity and increasing the grounding body methods.Then the lightning protection of the communication cables are provided,including ground potential,counterattack against direct lightning flash and the induced over voltage methods.The equipotent bonding measures focus on preventing SPG(metal casing protection grounding)on DCG(Direct current grounding).Potential counter measures.Finally it is pointed out that lightning inspection and maintenance of the mobile communication base station are conducted and the grounding resistance test methods of the base station are given,including linear measurement method and triangulation method.Through these analyses,we hope that it could provide some reference and guidance for the lightning protection design and safe operation of the mobile communication base station.For the lightning protection of mobile communication base station,there are often new technology applications in practice.Therefore,relevant staffs need to fumble ceaselessly in practice,sum up experience,reduce or avoid the effect of lightning to the communication base station.