Research On Multi-channel Routing Protocol Based On Channel Assignment And Load Balance

Recent years,the wireless network were developing rapidly,mobile Ad Hoc network technology has also been widespread concerned.Different from traditional cellular networks,Mobile Ad Hoc Networks have self-organization and distributed nature which can be quickly expanded in complex environments without basic infrastructure support.Traditional single-channel Ad Hoc networks are limited by network capacity,because each node is equipped with only a single radio interface and communication nodes can not achieve parallel transmission in the interference range.The proposed multi-channel technology is a solution to these problems.Multi-channel technology can use multiple orthogonal channels of the network,which makes nodes can communicate with each other in different channels,therefore the network capacity is increased and the conflicts between the nodes can be reduced.Although multi-channel technology has greatly improved the capacity of networks,it will still confront with two important problems:channel allocation and multi-channel routing mechanism.In order to improve network throughput,an efficient channel allocation algorithm should minimized the interference between each link and reduce the conflictions and collisions between each channel base on network connectivity.In addition,the original single-channel routing protocol will be no longer used in the multi-channel environment,so the design of effective multi-channel routing protocol is the key of the multi-channel technology.In this paper,Firstly,the existing channel allocation algorithms and multi-channel routing protocols are analyzed and summarized after summarizing the relevant issues on multi-channel.Secondly,in order to make the simulation software better support the protocol performance simulation in the multi-channel environment,we extend the original single-channel model under the environment of NS2.34 and propose a universal multi-channel multi-interface simulation model which has the node structural character of being compatible with the multi-interface and single-interface routing protocol,and it can complete multi-channel routing protocol simulation under different scenarios.Finally,we proposed a multi-channel routing protocol named LBMMR(Load Balance Multi-channel Multi-interface Routing)which combines channel allocation with load balancing.A dynamic load balancing design is applied in this protocol,and it uses the channel bandwidth and the length of node interface queue as the basis of measuring load balancing.In the aspect of channel allocation,LBMMR uses a multi-channel distribution mechanism based on channel interference index,it calculates the channel with lowest interference index to communicate by the status information of each node in the network.In this way,the interference between neighboring nodes is reduced and the network capacity is increased.The simulation results show that LBMMR protocol can improve network throughput while reducing the average end-to-end latency,thus it improves the overall performance of the network.