Multi-path Multi-channel Route Protocol With Load Balance In Ad Hoc Network

Mobile Ad Hoc network composed of mobile nodes with wireless communication device are typically characterized by their multi-hop, temporary and un-center. It’s decentralized character makes this networks to provide services in a variety of diverse applications, specially for the situation without infrastructure. If Ad Hoc network uses the traditional route protocols with single path and single channel, the loads of network may converge on some hot nodes, and lead to network congestion and low throughput. In the meantime, the channel competition form neighbor nodes hinder the communications between other nodes which are using the same channel. So it needs to use the two kinds of technologies, multi-path multi-channel and load-balance, that can improve the quality of communication.In this thesis, a brief survey of characters and concepts on Ad Hoc network is firstly given. Secondly, the multi-path route and cross-layer design is introduced, finally, a multi-path multi-channel route protocol based on cross-layer design which is named CMMRP is studied.There are a number of channels in the Ad Hoc network can be used by the nodes. The main problem is how to give a reasonable resource allocation. The thesis researches on channel assignment algorithm, routing algorithm and cross-layer mechanism. It also studies the four typical multi-channel assignment methods, and then establishes a new distributed multi-channel assignment algorithm which is based on cross-layer design. We analyzed the advantages of this mechanism logically, and then simulate with target metric specifically, which proves this new mechanism can reduce the channel interference between neighbor nodes.In another hand, the uneven distribution of network loads may cause hot area, increases transform delay of data-packets and brings about network congestion. A point to this problem, we propose a new multi-path multi-channel protocol with load balance that named CMM_LB. We are able to optimize the network performance through adjust parameter cross layer. It achieves the dynamic load balancing based on the detection mechanism, by which the node can change its receiving channel according to the network condition and source node also can adjust the loads dynamically on the multi-path. So this new route protocol more adapts to the characters of Ad Hoc network, and improves network throughput. The simulation in NS2approves that CMM_LB protocol is correct and feasible and demonstrates CMM_LB can improve the network performance effectively.