Research Of Hierarchical Topology And Routing Technology For Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are a group of intelligent systems. The research on it has a long time. At present its latest research and development is the Internet of Things(Internet of Things, IoT). Its applications and development have broad prospects. However,research in the field of WSN involves a number of disciplines, and its contents are very complex. This paper makes an exploration and research only on the WSN topology and routing, both aspects as follows.First, as a theoretical basis, this paper studies a lot of routing algorithm. Because of the disadvantage of the HEED algorithm on the topology control, a new algorithm based on the HEED algorithm is improved: An improved HEED routing protocols based on non-uniform layered topologies (IHEED). On the one hand, the deployment of nodes is designed layered-region-deployment by IHEED protocol. Namely, each node belongs to different regions, Nodes in different regions are with the different radius of campaign. So the network will eventually form non-uniform distribution of clusters. On the other hand, for special network working conditions, IHEED protocol improves the formation of the clustering algorithm and adds a dynamically cluster maintenance logic. So the algorithm can work in the case of non-uniform distribution of nodes and complex environment. Simultaneously IHEED protocol improves the robustness of the topology. IHEED algorithm designs a comprehensive simulation. IHEED algorithm makes some experimental studies comparing research with HEED, as well as related routing algorithm. The simulation results show: On the stability of the cluster head set, the algorithm greatly improves the stability of the cluster head set. The improvement on the clustering energy performance is about 80%. The variance in clustering energy consumption is reduced by about 50%. The survival time of the network is increased by about 50%.Secondly, this paper summarizes the general issues and approaches in WSN topology design. In order to make the network work well in extremely harsh environments, taking use of GG nearby graph algorithms model, on the basis of HEED algorithm, a fault-tolerent and energy-effecient multi-path routing protocols for wireless sensor networks (HEED-FT) is further proposed. It improves the formation algorithm of the network topology, and the multi-path routing is designed for data transfer between nodes. This algorithm greatly reduces the energy consumption of the network and further improves the robustness of the network.On the one hand,this algorithm replaces the random way to select cluster head of a network according to the probability with a way determined by priority mode. On the other hand,a plurality of clustering algorithm parameters according to different levels is combined, to form an ideal cluster topology distribution by Stepwise control. On the other hand, HEED-FT algorithm takes use of GG nearby graph algorithms the model to form a multi-path routing within cluster and between clusters, and to obtain reliable communication links. This algorithm designs a reasonable simulation comparison experiments. The experimental results show that the survival time of the network is increased by about 95%, HEED-FT algorithm compared with HEED algorithm. And the improvement on the clustering energy performance is about 80%. And fluctuations in the variance of energy consumption are significantly reduced a lot.