Research On Clustering Routing For WSN

Multifunctional sensor with low loss is being developed quickly based on the progress of micro-electronics, computing and wireless communication. It has the multifunction of information collection, data processing, wireless communication and so on. Wireless sensor networks are composed of large quantity of micro-sensors deployed in monitoring fields, which are the multi-hop and self-organizing network systems via wireless communicating. These sensors are used in cooperation with others to feel, collect, and process the information transmitted to the observer in monitoring fields. At present, many investigations are studied on routing, MAC protocol, QoS, network topology, network security and so on. This paper will pay attention to the clustering routing of WSN.In this paper, the notion, characteristics, and system structure of WSN are introduced briefly which is also compared with traditional wireless networks and Ad hoc network first; next, the characteristics, design principle and factors considered of the routing technology of WSN are summarized, except that we make comparison of typical existing protocols; then the typical cluster-based routing—LEACH is analyzed and some improvements to LEACH are brought forward. Finally, a newly clustering routing based on Multi-path Data Aggregation (MDA) is proposed.Studying on LEACH, we know that the number of cluster-heads has an optimal value N. In LEACH, it is not perfect to the assumptions of N = 5%. In this paper we present some modifications of LEACH and take the optimum number of cluster heads based on power into consideration. The simulation results show that the total amplifier energy spent in the network is indeed minimal at the theoretically optimal values.In this paper, MDA is the clustering routing protocol based on geography information. Given nodes are clustered according to their geography information which is obtained through GPS modules. Because the nodes energy is limited, stacks are established by cluster-heads to set the next-hop node and the data aggregation technique is used. The simulation results show that because of this protocol, the nodes energy is reduced and the lifetime of network is extended.