Load And Energy Balanced Multipath Routing Protocol For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Ad Hoc network is a kind of self-organizing multi-hop network without fixed infrastructure support.With the advantages of convenient networking,easy maintenance and low deployment cost,it is widely used in military,emergency rescue and mobile office.For the Ad Hoc Network with high load,high mobility and energy limitation,focusing on the shortcomings of existing multipath routing protocols in balancing network load,guaranteeing path stability and balancing energy consumption,we investigate some key technologies,such as routing metrics and multipath routing algorithm.The major contributions of this work are summarized as follows:Existing routing metrics are costly in measurement,and only consider partial factors of load,energy and stability,which cannot measure the quality of wireless links accurately.Considering the characteristics of easy congestion,strong mobility and limited energy of Ad Hoc network,we propose a routing metrics LES considering load,energy and stability comprehensively.In this metrics,we consider the influence of the node at both ends on the quality of the link in the calculation of load and energy parameters to better reflect the link availability,and the importance of these three parameters is quantitatively integrated by analytic hierarchy process.The results show that the single path routing protocol based on the metrics can alleviate the congestion and balance the energy consumption to a certain extent.The transmission on a single path can easily lead to heavy local load,fast energy consumption,and the routing maintenance strategy of repair after break can easily lead to high packet loss rate and delay.For this issue,on the basis of the above-mentioned routing metrics LES,we propose a multipath routing protocol LES-AOMDV based on polling mechanism.Firstly,the LES metrics is used to select multiple stable,load light and energy sufficient paths.Then,through the path state information in the routing table and the path timer to recycle the multiple paths,it can further alleviate the network congestion and balance the energy consumption.Finally,the use of optimized link prediction mechanism can transfer data on poor quality paths in advance to guarantee the continuity of data transmission.The results show that for the Ad Hoc Networks with high load,high mobility and limited energy,the multipath routing protocol proposed in this paper can not only effectively use the multiple paths with better quality,but also can perceive the change of path stability in real time and terminate the use of unstable paths in advance.Consequently,the performance of packet loss rate,end-to-end delay and route discovery frequency of Ad Hoc Networks is greatly improved.