Research On Routing Protocol Based On Adaptive Cluster-head For Load-balancing Tree In WSN

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a new-type and intelligent network system,which is widely applied in various social fields,such as medical,military reconnaissance,intelligence home,field survey and so on.The application of WSN in the field of agricultural production has also raised concerns about crop growth in real time by monitoring agricultural conditions.The biggest problem faced in the application of wireless sensor network is limited energy of nodes,the energy for the sensor nodes to survive and communication provided by the battery.Once the batteries run out of energy,nodes will stop working.Therefore,how to make use of farmland environment adequate solar energy to supplement the node energy and make effective routing strategies to control the energy consumption of nodes is of practical significance to study the routing protocol of wireless sensor networks.Aiming at the problem of node energy limitation and network load imbalanced,this paper is based on the hierarchical network model which is based on the base station as the center,and proposes an adaptive communication strategy between inter-layer clusters and load-balancing protocol with the energy of nodes can be supplemented.The main contents of this paper are as follows:First of all,the concept,characteristics and protocol system of wireless sensor networks are described.Then the classification of routing protocols is described,and some classical routing protocols are introduced briefly.Secondly,a routing protocol based on adaptive communication between hierarchical clusters is proposed.Before clustering in hierarchical networks,the optimal number of cluster heads and cluster radius are controlled.The residual energy of node is the main parameter and the secondary parameter is proximity of node,then cluster heads are selected.Ordinary nodes are added to the neighboring cluster according to the average minimum reachable energy.After nodes clustering in sensor networks,cluster heads select the optimal next hop cluster head according to the probability that the downstream node is selected as the forwarding node.Then according to the hierarchical relationship between heads,cluster heads communicate with neighboring heads in an adaptive manner.Thirdly,an inter-layer cluster head load-balancing routing protocol based on node energy supplement is proposed.In the vast farmland environment,the sensor nodes collect solar energy,convert into electrical energy and store in super capacitors,thus alleviating the problem of energy restriction.The energy of node is selectively supplemented by the residual energy estimation based on the time stamp.At the same time,the routing tree between cluster heads gradually starts from the leaf nodes to determine whether the parent cluster heads need to balance the load,so as to avoid the "hot" issue in the nodes with large energy consumption in the network.Finally,simulation experiments are carried out by NS-2 software.The performance of the protocol is analyzed in terms of network lifetime,node average residual energy,network load balancing,etc.,which can effectively extend the network lifetime and balance the load distribution in the network.