Research On Clustering Routing Protocol For Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)are widely used in all walks of life in society,but the lifetime and performance of WSN have been constrained by the limited energy of sensor nodes.In recent years,benefiting from the development of energy harvesting and conversion technologies,Energy harvesting wireless sensor network(EH-WSN)has gradually become a research hotspot.In EH-WSN,nodes can convert environmental energy such as solar energy and wind energy into electrical energy for their own use.At the same time,it also brings some new problems: the instability of environmental energy collection and the heterogeneous collection ability of sensor nodes.The clustering routing protocol designed for the traditional WSN does not consider the characteristics of the nodes collecting energy,and is no longer suitable for EH-WSN.According to the different goals pursued by the protocol,EH-WSN can be divided into two categories: One type of EH-WSN uses the energy collected in the environment as its sole source of energy.The purpose is to keep the network running forever.Another type of EH-WSN uses the energy collected in the environment as a supplement to its own battery energy.The purpose is to extend the life of the network and improve network performance.This thesis conducts a classification study on the EH-WSN cluster routing protocol,with the aim of extending the life of the network,improving energy efficiency,and enhancing network throughput.The main research contents of the thesis are as follows:1.Aiming at EH-WSN with heterogeneous environmental energy collection capabilities,a high-precision energy collection prediction algorithm is proposed.Design a clustering mechanism based on the cluster head duty cycle to ensure that the nodes and the network maintain an energy neutral state.By improving the HEED clustering algorithm,nodes with higher weights of energy distribution and neighbor distribution are selected as cluster heads to ensure that the cluster head nodes are evenly distributed and build a dense cluster.The data transmission duty cycle is designed to further reduce node energy waste and improve energy efficiency.Simulation results prove that this protocol can theoretically have an infinite network lifetime,which has obvious advantages over other protocols in improving network throughput and reducing the number of cluster failures.2.Aiming at the problem of energy holes caused by multi-hop transmission of data between clusters,a network model is proposed to balance the energy consumption of cluster head nodes in different units by region division.By minimizing the inter-cluster transmission energy consumption,the optimal number of units and the number of clusters per unit are obtained.Improve the HEED clustering algorithm to ensure the energy consumption of sensor nodes in the unit is balanced.Design a routing strategy based on the PSO algorithm to improve the energy consumption efficiency of cluster-to-cluster transmission,and ensure that the energy consumption of the cluster head nodes on the path is balanced to avoid nodes with lower energy.Simulation results show that the performance of this protocol to balance node energy consumption has obvious advantages over other protocols.The protocol also has higher network throughput and energy efficiency.