ADS-B Ground Station Signal Coverage Analysis And Site Selection Based On GIS

ADS-B is the main surveillance technology in the future which is recommended by the International Civil Aviation Organization. ADS-B combines with the satellite navigation, communications technology, onboard equipment and the ground equipment and provides a more safe and efficient air traffic surveillance method. ADS-B can effectively improve the ability of operation situational awareness of the controller and pilot, and it can enlarge the coverage of monitoring and improve the level of air traffic safety, the airspace capacity and working efficiency. To promote the application of ADS-B is one of the important missions of building the new generation air transport system.Based on the analysis of ground station signal coverage and the research of optimal site selection of ADS-B station, four parts of the work has been done: first, combined with the terrain around the ground station, line-of-sight propagation model is established. Using the finite element method of electromagnetic simulation technology, ADS-B antenna which meets the standard of civil aviation is designed, antenna far field radiation field strength is analyzed, navigation equipment coverage is calculated. Second, analyzing the characteristics of the air channel and using different wireless channel model for different terrain modeling, a complete set of analysis method of calculating ADS-B ground station signal coverage is put forward. Third, combined with requirements and characteristics of ADS-B networking, the significance, principle and evaluation index of ADS-B ground station network are summarized. By using real number coding and optimal preservation strategy, the optimal site selection of ADS-B base station is achieved. Finally, by using the three-dimensional geographic information system U-GIS platform, the ground station signal coverage and network of 3D visualization are realized.Combined with the actual ground station equipment performance and terrain data in detail, ground station signal coverage range of Dongli district, Tianjin and Shuangliu county, Chengdu are simulated. Using the actual data to verify, the ground station signal coverage range which has been calculated is close to the real situation, the evaluation of ADS-B coverage performance is more scientific. The ground station network simulation results show that the algorithm satisfies with the requirement of civil aviation, the principle of network, and make the airspace surveillance capability as large as possible. Evaluation indexes are better than the basic genetic algorithm, and the convergence precision and the convergence speed are improved, convergence of the algorithm is guaranteed.