Research On Balanced Energy Consumption Protocol For Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network(WSN) is self-organized by a large number of sensors randomly distributed in the monitoring area, with a synthetical application of sensor technology, wireless communication technology, distributed data processing, etc. As WSN is widely used in various fields, the researchers carried out in-depth study of WSN technology which mainly focused on some key techniques such as data fusion, routing protocols, energy-saving control and time synchronization. Because of a built-in battery with small volume and limited energy, sensors which generally deployed in inaccessible and bad conditions cannot get unlimited supply. Thus reducing the energy consumption is an important factor to improve network performance. In some application of WSN technology, there is a need to realize real-time transmission of monitoring data such as audio and video, therefore, less transmission delay and enhancement of the target real-time monitoring is also the emphasis of WSN research.Based on the analysis of Stable election protocol(SEP) in the energy heterogeneous environment of wireless sensor network. In SEP protocol, the cluster head election algorithm of different initial energy node is also different. For WSN energy limited, in order to improve the network stability and make the energy node to die at the same time, an improved clustering algorithm(EE-SEP) is designed. This cluster head election mechanism improves the node threshold calculation which comprehensive consider of node residual energy and energy consumption rate(ECR), making the nodes with much residual energy and less energy consumption rate more likely to become cluster head nodes, so as to extend the stable period of the network.In addition, in order to alleviate the imbalance of energy consumption in stable communication phase and reduce transmission delay between nodes at the same time, the communication mode between the cluster was improved, using the method of multihop transmission in the routing and building the optimal path based on transmission delay and residual energy of nodes. The improved protocol(EED-SEP) adopts the Dijkstra algorithm principle and chooses the less transmission delay, more residual energy of nodes as the next-hop transport nodes, making the network transmission delay shortened to balance node transmission energy consumption.MATLAB simulation experiments illustrate that nodes survival rate of EE-SEP protocol were significantly improved, and energy consumption was greatly reduced compared with SEP and REMCA protocol. The first node's death rounds were delayed for 207% and 66%, half of the node's death rounds were delayed for 168% and 53%, the last node's death rounds were delayed for 38% and 103% compared with SEP and REMCA protocol,prolonging the network's life time. EED-SEP protocol uses multihop transmission mechanism based on transmission delay and residual energy in stable communication phase which can effectively reduces the network delay and save the total energy of network, thus prolonging the life span of the network and improving the network performance.