"Cultivating Person":The Study Of Mandarin Chinese Education Mainstream Concept Of The "May Fourth" Period

In the "May Fourth" period,the society great changes have taken place in the political,economy and culture,education also have changed a lot with it.the whole Chinese education has begun to transform from the traditional to modern,Chinese subject has opened the modernization,too.In the pursuit of democracy and equality,freedom fraternity "May Fourth" period,the discourse of "individualism" make people’s status improved and the value confirmed.Respect for individuality,advocate for freedom and the pursuit of human liberation have become the theme of this era.Chinese education as a result of a specific era background,Chinese education concept which influenced by the mainstream thought must be unique,representative and reference.this article summarizes several representative educator’s education thought,and found out the internal consistency of their thoughts,and summed up with"cultivating people" as the theme of the Chinese mainstream education concept.This concept advocated that we should cultivate independent personality,freedom of thought,personality liberation of "people".When we reflect on Chinese education today,we can find some instructive thought nourishment for modern education,and create more robust new ideas for Chinese education reform,provide new ideas and methods of Chinese education reform and development.This article consists of five part:The first part,I carding the overall situation of the development of education the"May Fourth" period.It mainly includes the following three aspects:the introduction of new educational purpose and new educational system that pursue an all-round development of the people;the Mandarin campaign and the vernacular movement pay attention to oral expression;Dewey’s children-oriented educational value which advocating respect for children has introduced into China.The second part explores the origin of "cultivating people" mainstream educational thought.At the end of the Qing Dynasty,the concept of "national" had been put forward,"person" as individuals had been concerned,the concept of"person" begun to be highlighted.Up to the "May Fourth" period,the discourse of"individualism" highlights the personal value.People had prefer to pursuit personality independent,personality liberation and self realization,such as "people’s Literature"and "children discovery".The third part summarizes the manifestation of the spirit of "cultivating people"in the national language education.Mainly displays in the follow aspects:the primary goal of Chinese education is to develop the students’ ability to express ideas freely;the teaching material of Chinese should regard students as the foremost thing and the content must be derived from life;teaching methods should mainly focus on speech,discussion and self-study;the relationship between teachers and students should be improve and build a harmonious equality and together progress relationship.The fourth part,around the theme of "cultivating people",I elaborate the Chinese educator’s view of education of the "May Fourth" period.Taking Li Jinxi,Liang Qichao,Hu Shi,Ye Shengtao and Lu Xun for example,I study respectively their thoughts of education objectives,teaching methods,teaching materials and teacher-student relationship.This part is the key of the thesis,only having a deep understanding of this kind "cultivating people" education thought,can we better make it work for us.The fifth part is enlightenment taken from the advanced education thought of Chinese educator in the "May Fourth" period.We should re-examine and think about the current reform of Chinese education,and from the educational objectives,teaching materials,teachers and teaching to explore the Chinese education.