Research On The Development Of Rural Basic Education In Shandong Province In The Process Of New Urbanization

Basic education is the cornerstone of the cause of education,which is related to the future of the whole education and the prosperity of the country.China is a large agricultural country,and the rural basic education occupies a large proportion in the whole educational undertaking.It has a profound impact of the development of China's education.In recent years,the state and local governments have enacted many laws and regulations to promote the development of basic education in rural areas,for example,two free and one subsidy policy,rural teachers support program.However,the rural basic education still has many problems need to be solved.Only if develop the rural basic education,the development of the entire education can be promoted.The new urbanization promotes the human and financial resources and material resources between city and countryside,which will bring far-reaching influence on the rural basic education development:on the one hand,new urbanization creates opportunities for rural basic education,improves the original rural education facilities resources,brings modern educational technology to rural school students,improves the education level of rural school,promotes the development of rural education better and faster,forms a new situation of urban-rural dialogue and benign interaction,promotes the equitable development of basic education in rural areas.On the other hand,the promotion of new urbanization also brings challenges to the rural basic education.With the rural population continued to migrate to the city,the number of rural students declined sharply,a large area of withdrawal point and programme implemented in rural schools.The result is that a large number of rural primary and secondary schools were forced to close.Students can only go to further afield school,so many students are difficult to go to school,go to school far,and boarding students boarding conditions is not guaranteed.Therefore,in the context of new urbanization,we should seize the opportunities brought by new urbanization,utilize the resources of the city make up for a lack of their own,solve new problems,Only in this way,the rural education level can develop and improve.This paper from the theory of public goods,the theory of urban and rural development,the equalization of basic public service theory,method and case study method and comparative study by using the method of literature,analyzes the development status of rural basic education in the process of new urbanization,elaborates the rural basic education and funds is low,poor school conditions,teachers' quality problems.In the reference to the United States,Japan and South Korea basic education development in rural areas,put forward to increase the input of funds and optimize the layout of the school,the rational allocation of teacher resources,improve the modern education system and countermeasures.The main contents of each chapter are as follows:The first chapter introduces the research background and significance of the new rural basic education,introduces the research status at home and abroad,and points out the research methods and innovation of the article.The second chapter is the theoretical analysis of the new urbanization and basic education,introduces the concept of urbanization,new urbanization and basic education.Putting forward three theoretical basis of this paper,namely the theory of public goods,the theory of urban and rural development,the equalization of basic public services theory and points out their practical significance.The third chapter analyzes the present situation of rural education in Shandong province from the funds,school classes,teachers and trailing left-behind children four aspects.There are several problems:first,the rural primary and middle school students are public budget funding for public education expenditure is low,unstable,and city and rural schools each year between fiscal the education funds gap fluctuations.Secondly,the number of rural secondary schools is too much,the area of green.land in rural primary and secondary schools is higher than that of urban areas,from the side reflects the low land use rate of rural schools.Again,the quality of teachers is generally not high,full-time teachers in primary and secondary schools in rural areas,with a master's or bachelor's degree teachers accounted for the proportion and the large gap between the level of the city.Finally,the educational problems of the children and the left behind children are also worrying.On the one hand,the children moved to enjoy the education resources are very limited,it is very difficult to enter the public schools.On the other hand,due to lack of care and guidance,the rural left-behind children have various problems in their study and life,which is not conducive to their physical and mental development.In addition,this chapter also introduces the new urbanization in the quality of education and the opportunities brought about by fairness in the school and students with the challenges.The fourth chapter is the United States,Japan and South Korea,the international comparison of rural basic education and experience,introduced education school layout adjustment of the United States,Japan,South Korea's average of teachers' rotation system policy etc..Compared with the development of rural basic education in China,summed up some enlightenment:careful consideration of the school layout adjustment,increases the attractiveness of rural teaching,development of distinctive rural education.The fifth chapter puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of development of basic education in rural areas of Shandong Province:first,education funding including improving rural education funds in financial education funds in proportion to increase education funds;overall arrangement of education funds,expand the amount of public funds;optimization mechanism to ensure funding for rural education,by the provincial government wages for teachers.Second,optimize the layout of the school of basic education in rural areas,including specific measures to small schools,rural primary and secondary schools,carefully and steadily promote the school standardization construction.Third,starting from the management system of rural teachers,rural teachers welfare and rural teachers' rotation exchange program in three aspects,the rational allocation of teacher resources in rural areas.Fourth,according to the problem of migration and education with the left-behind children,this paper also puts forward some countemeasures and suggestions,to ensure the continuity of the trailing children to receive education,ensure the trailing children in the region to enter the public schools,can participate in the local senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination;improve rural left-behind children school accommodation,strengthen mental health education and let every left-behind children in the countryside to enjoy high-quality educational resources.