Social Exclusion And Social Inclusion:J Community Migrant Children's Social Work Intervention

Since the 1980s,with the deepening of reform and opening up and the rapid development of market economy,as well as the gradual progress of urbanization,migrant children caused the concern of the community.Children are the future of mankind and are an important resource for sustainable development of society.As a special group of children,migrant children face many problems in the process of integrating into urban society.Based on this background,this study takes the migrant children as the research object,and puts forward the following research questions:What are the manifestations and causes of social exclusion in migrant children?What are the needs of migrant children's social inclusion?What are the protective factors and risk factors that affect the social integration of migrant children?How to use the social work method to effectively avoid the interference of risk factors,and effectively promote the social integration of migrant children?This study hopes to answer these questions,to explore the plight of social exclusion of migrant children,and through social work methods to intervene,to promote the smooth realization of social integration of children to improve the well-being of migrant children's family,to maintain community and social stability and harmony,This study has important practical and theoretical significance.In this study,the qualitative research method is used to study the J-community in Nanjing,and the Interview method(interviewed objects including migrant children,migrant children parents and community staff),literature method and participatory observation method are used to collect data.The theory of social exclusion and the theory of social ecosystems are used to analyze the collected data,more specifically,to analyze the social exclusion and integration of migrant children,and on the basis of the risk factors influencing the social integration of migrant children,social work is used to intervene.Through the study has found that:Firstly,the social exclusion of migrant children showed poor living conditions,poor academic performance,language communication barriers,ambiguity of identity,peer relationship is not harmonious,social exclusion reasons include low family income,regional education uneven distribution of resources,urban cultural shock and so on.Secondly,the need for the social integration of migrant children is the urgent need to improve the living environment,improve learning ability,integrate into the new language environment,the formation of urban sense of belonging,expansion of friends circle.Thirdly,the factors that affect the social integration of migrant children include strong self-care ability,curiosity of new things,more autonomy of decision-making,benign interaction between brothers and sisters,community system arrangement,etc,risk factors include inferiority and cowardice mentality,lack of learning ability,lack of parental material support,parental companionship time is not enough,education style is too simple and rude,neighborhood relations alienation.Fourthly,through the self-confidence promotion team,parent-child relationship improvement group,neighborhood relations to promote the activities of the group,effectively overcome the impact of migrant children's social integration risk factors,and promote the social integration of migrant children.Researcher has put forward policy and service suggestions on these issues,including increasing support for migrant children's families,accelerating the implementation of social work ideas and methods,and optimizing the allocation of regional educational resources,with a view to providing reference suggestions for promoting the social integration of migrant children.In addition,the researchers expect that in future studies,we will be able to take into account the different levels of the system and use a wide range of social work methods to intervene,and through cross-community research and ongoing intervention to enhance the effectiveness of social work intervention social integration of migrant children,and the well-being of migrant children's families and society.