The Fertility Desires And Factors After The Introduction Of The Two-child Policy

The one-child policy, one of our fundamental national policies, had been in place for more than three decades since our economic reform. Thanks to the family planning rules, China’s population growth has been controlled. However, the policy has also caused a number of problems such as the fertility rate declining, our country’s labour pool shrinking and the population ageing rapidly, which are constrains on China’s social and economic developments.On 28 ^th December, 2013, at its 6^th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12 th National People’s congress, couples with one spouse being an only child would be permitted to have two children. At this point the selective two-child policy became law and was officially implemented.Less than two years after the introduction of the selective two-child policy, on 29 th October 2015 the Fifth Plenum of the 18 th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party announced that China was to fully implement a policy of allowing each couple to have two children and family planning bodies at all levels would spare no effort to draw up relevant rules. The selective two-child policy, according to studies conducted by varied organisations, had failed to noticeably increase fertility desires and the number of births in 2014.The essay will firstly describe the background of the study, the status quo of the study in China and overseas, and the approaches applied in the study. Secondly, concepts and the theoretical framework in relation to the study will be discussed in detail. Thirdly, the subjects and the variables of the study will be identified to ensure an ideal design of variables and data effectiveness. Fourthly, the findings of a survey made by the use of a questionnaire, whose subjects are the residents of Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, will be presented, including the general information on family planning in the district and the fertility desires after the introduction of the two-child policy. Lastly, factors that affect fertility desires will be analysed and recommendations regarding the implementation of the two-child policy be made, in order to provide valuable references to government bodies who need to understand the effects of the policy and improve the associated systems.