Effects Of Different Training Programs On The Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex Enzyme Of Rat Gastrocnemius Muscle And Its Mechanism

A number of studies have indicated that endurance exercise can increase the activity of aerobic metabolic enzymes and intermittent exercise can increase the activity of anaerobic metabolic enzymes.Different modes of exercise, exercise load, exercise time will have different effects on the body mitochondria.From endurance training and interval training the two different training methods of the experiment, this paper studies the effects of different training methods on rat mitochondrial respiratory chain complex enzyme and its gene and other related indicators, exploring the mechanism of its impact, to provide a scientific basis for the sports training of different projects, and promote the improvement of the level of athletes.Experimental method:Select 50 healthy male Wistar rats, weight 200-250 g.They were randomly divided into 5 groups, each group of 10 rats, a total of 6 weeks of training, 6 days a week training.Rats in the quiet group(group S) did not carry out any exercise training; intermittent group(group I) does exercise 5min, the rate of 50m/min, a total of 4 times; endurance group(group E) does exercise with the speed of 20m/min lasting 50min;intermittent + endurance group(group IE) does exercise 5min in the first 3 weeks with the speed of 50m/ min, a total of 4 times, the next 3 weeks with the speed of 20m/min lasting 50min; endurance + intermittent group(group EI) does exercise 50 min in the first 3 weeks with the speed of 20m/ min, the next 3 weeks with the speed of 50m/min lasting 5min, a total of 4 times.Experimental results:(1)After 6 weeks of different program training, rats body weight increased significantly. Compared with the quiet group, endurance group increased the maximum, the smallest increase in the interval group.(2)After 6 weeks of training, the activity of compound enzyme I was changed.Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a super significant difference(P < 0.01) in the intermittent + endurance group(IE group);There was a significant difference(P < 0.05) in the endurance and intermittent group(EI group).Compared with the endurance group(group E), there was significant difference(P < 0.05) in the intermittent + endurance group(IE group).Compared with the quiet group(group S), the activity of mitochondrial complex enzyme.The activity of the complex enzyme I : group S <group E < group I<group EI <group IE < group IE;intermittent + endurance group(IE group) increased the maximum amplitude;endurance group(group E) increased by the smallest.(3)Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a significant difference(P < 0.05) between the intermittent group(group I) and the endurance + batch group(group EI); there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) in the endurance group(E group).Compared with the quiet group(group S), the activity of mitochondrial complex enzyme of the gastrocnemius muscle increased in rats.The activity group S << group IE<< group I < group EI < group E;endurance group(group E) increased the amplitude of the largest; intermittent + endurance group(group IE) increased by the smallest.(4)Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) in the endurance and intermittent group(group IE).Compared with the intermittent group(group I), there was a significant difference between the endurance and the intermittent group(group EI)(P < 0.05).Compared with the endurance group(group E), there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) in the endurance and intermittent group(group EI).The activity of H~+-ATP enzyme was increased in all groups compared with the quiet group.The activity group S < group IE< group I < group EI < group E.Endurance + interval group(group EI) increased the most, the endurance group(group E) increased the smallest.(5)Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a significant difference(P < 0.01) in the intermittent group(group I);There was a significant difference(P < 0.05) in the interval + tolerance group(IE group).Compared with the intermittent group(group I), there was a very significant difference in endurance group(group E)(P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between the group(group E) and the endurance(group IE)(P< 0.05).Lactate dehydrogenase activitygroup S < group E< group EI < group IE < group I.Intermittent group(group I) activity increased the most,while compared with the quiet group(group S),the endurance group(group E) lactate dehydrogenase activity change is not big.(6)Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a significant difference in endurance group(group E) and intermittent + endurance group(group IE)(P <0.05), and there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) in endurance + interval group(group EI).Compared with the quiet group(group S), the activities of the other groups of different citric acid dehydrogenase were increased,group S < group I< group IE < group E < group EI.Endurance + interval group(group EI) increased the amplitude of the largest, intermittent group(group I) increased by the smallest.(7)Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) in the intermittent group(group I).Compared with the intermittent group(group I), there was a significant difference in endurance group(group E)(P < 0.05); there was a very significant difference between the intermittent + endurance group(group IE) and the endurance + intermittent(group EI)(P < 0.01).Compared with the quiet group(group S),the activity of superoxide dismutase Mn-SOD increased in the other training group,group S < group EI< group IE < group E < group I.The activity of group I was significantly increased, and the activity of endurance +intermittentgroup(EI group) increased least.(8)Compared with the quiet group(group S), there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) in the intermittent group(group I), and there was a very significant difference between the intermittent + endurance group(group IE) and the endurance +intermittent(group EI)(P < 0.01).Compared with the intermittent group(group I), there was a significant difference in endurance group(group E)(P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference in the intermittent + endurance group( group IE)(P < 0.05).Compared with the endurance group(group E), there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01) between the intermittent + endurance group(group IE) and the endurance + intermittent group(group IE).Content of malondialdehyde,group I< group EI< group IE < group S < group E.Intermittent group(group I), intermittent + endurance group(group IE), endurance + intermittent group(group EI) the 3 training group, the content of MDA decreased, intermittent group decreased the maximum; endurance group(group E) MDA content increased.(9)There was a significant difference between the endurance + intermittent group( group EI) and the other 4 groups(P < 0.01).The expression of COX I gene in the complex enzyme of the endurance+intermittent group(group EI) was significantly increasing;Compared with the quiet group(group S),the rest of the training group expression decreased, and the endurance group(group E) gene expression decreased significantlyConclusion:(1) Alternative training programs have a better effect on the balance of body weight in exercise training.(2) Interval training, endurance training, intermittent + endurance training, endurance +intermittent training,these 4 kinds of different training programs can improve the activity of rat mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex, alternate methods of training is more effective than the single method of training.(3)Compared with the endurance training, endurance + intermittent training can better improve the aerobic oxidation of the body; intermittent training is more efficient to improve the body’s anaerobic metabolism ability.(4)The antioxidant enzyme activities and free radicals in the body are complementary to each other.Intermittent + endurance training and endurance + intermittent training of two alternative training in free radical metabolism can be better to maintain the balance of antioxidant enzymes and free radicals.(5)Endurance + intermittent training can promote the expression of COX I gene of complex enzyme.Intermittent training, endurance training and intermittent + endurance training have little effect on it.