From "Community Development" To "Community Building"

Community work is one of the three major ways of social work,it is a process under the leadership of the government to solve social problems relying on community forces.The history of Taiwan's community development can be traced back to the 1950s,more than half a century in the development process accumulated a lot of lessons worthy of reference and promotion.Especially,since the modern times,there happens the rise of "communitarianism" and civic consciousness,and Taiwan's community development work has long been transformed from foundation engineering construction,production welfare construction and spiritual ethics construction to a diversified development model that encourage the play of local culture,characteristics and creativity,the pursuit of community happiness and sustainability development.And the historical footprint of the deep plowing community development policy lies in it."Total community empowerment" is one of the most important policies of Taiwan's modern community work.It can also be regarded as a concept,a social movement that emphasizing the spirit of "top-down" and "community autonomy".It has been hot topics of public policy during Taiwan and the mainland.However,most of the relevant research on the total community empowerment of the Taiwan community is focused on the discussion of community cases,they hardly focused on the overall development of the policy from a macro perspective.Therefore,this article attempts to break through the previous research model,using the "path dependence"network of "historical system theory" as a research approach for the development of Taiwan's community policy changes in the process to analyze the key variables.The research method adopted in this study is "literature analysis".View the appearance of "total community empowerment" as a time point,relevant events before and after 1994 are analyzed as the basis for the study of this article through the data collection and collation of the way.Through the detailed observation of the events,discussion of the "path dependence" phenomenon and the "variable interaction" model in the evolution of community policy,and the positive direction of the policy direction and the pull force of the negative,this paper summarize five main factors that influence the development of Taiwan's community policy:dominant force of the government sector,the revision of community policy programs or regulations,the use of resources,the relevant key personnel,and the external environment and other factors.Finally put forward the conclusions and future development of individual recommendations.We realized,on the one hand,that the "total community empowerment" of Taiwan today have formed a wave of the concept of "democracy' and "culture",which highlights the implication of civil society and Taiwan's local consciousness and the government wants to adopt community policy to solve the political,economic and other structural problems,to arouse public participation and recognition.And on the other hand,we realized that the solution of community problems is not how to reform the social system,but to gather the community to build their own homes enthusiasm and creativity through the local community consciousness.Therefore,we hope to clarify the trajectory of the development of the overall community policy for the mainland to learn from the reference,and try to put forward in-depth advice to Taiwan's "total community empowerment",make a contribution to the total civic society of Taiwan and the mainland.