The Study Of Dormitory Fire Hazard And Evacucation Simulation And The Investigation Of Students’ Evacuation Psychology And Actions

Dormitory is students’ mainly site of learning and living,its security status has the direct bearing on the lives and properties of students.Dormitory fire is the most common hazard in buildings.Students are gathered and inflammable goods are numerous.Fire products(smoke and flame)spread rapidly and do harm to the students.So it is necessary to study dormitory fire.Most of the dormitories have long corridor,compact structure,narrow space.When fire happens,it is prone to delay the best time of evacuation for the evacuation distance is long and the space is narrow.So it is necessary to know the development pattern of fire,and provide the best evacuation route guidance for students depending on the building’s features.Meanwhile,we should know the students’ ability of safe behavior level,make some suggestions to improve students’ evacuation speed.In order to ensure students’ safety,this article made such research:(1)A typical ten-storey dormitory building in university is selected as the model,then a count on the combustible is made in the dormitory.Some parameters are calculated conclude the maximum heat release rate of the dormitory fire and load density.The fire source is set to t2 fire model,simulation time is set to 900 s.Using FDS to build the model and set measuring point.Four kinds of fire working conditions are simulated according to the characteristics of structure construction.By analyzing the changes of temperature,CO concentration and visibility changes within 900 s,the danger of the four different fire conditions were compared.(2)In order to better reflect the real situation of the fire evacuation,Pathfinder is used combined with dangerous critical time of four different fire conditions to simulate personnel evacuation.According to the evacuation results,the number of safe evacuation in four cases are get.It can be seen that the danger of fire condition is reduced from one to four.From the analysis on building structure: The dormitory near the stairs is more dangerous than the dormitory in the middle of the corridor when the fire occurred in the same layer;and the first layer is the most dangerous layer when fire broke out and with the height of fire floor increase the danger reduced.(3)The direct victims of the dormitory fire are students.So students’ evacuation ability is very important in escape when fire happens.This article write a questionnaire about students’ psychology and behavior when fire happens.According to the results of the questionnaire,it concludes that the students’ knowledge about fire andfire service facilities is lacking,girls’ negative psychology is more significant than boys when facing the fire disaster and the evacuation ability can be enhanced by participating in fire drills.Then some suggestions are made to avoid disaster.