The Dialect Vocabulary Of Hunan Province Xiangtan Chaensi And Its Comparative Study

This paper based on field research studies the dialect vocabulary of Xiangtan Chaensi by using the comparison method and statistical analysis method from the Angle of the synchronic study.Before studying the vocabulary,we drew the phonetic system of the Chaensi dialect through combing the results of Jianguo Peng and Zerun Peng's research(2003)and in-depth field survey,which laid a foundation for the records and analysis of the vocabulary.In the part of vocabulary research,we studied 2903 Chaensi dialect words,and recorded them with international phonetic alphabet.On the lexical analysis,this paper analyses the dialect vocabulary of Chaensi by using features of mandarin vocabulary as the standard,and draws the conclusions.The first one is that the dialect vocabulary of Chaensi is different from mandarin vocabulary in syllable number.The main features are mono-syllable words of Chaensi correspond to bi-syllable words of mandarin,bi-syllable words of Chaensi correspond to tri-syllable words and mono-syllable words of mandarin,polysyllabic words or phrase of Chaensi correspond to polysyllabic words or bi-syllable words of mandarin.The second is that the dialect vocabulary of Chaensi does not correspond to mandarin vocabulary in word-forming morpheme,the main features are two:totally different and part the same.The distinction in lexical meaning is the difference of range of lexical meaning.On the way of word formation,noun suffixes of the Chaensi dialect mainly are“?”?“?”?“?”?“?”?“?”?“?”,the main fearture of adjective mainly reflected in the "XA" type attached prefix state adjective.In terms of grammar function,the ability of acting as a syntactic component and its combinaton ability is different from Mandarin.In terms of coincidence,Chaensi vocabulary maily lays on direct naming and twists and turns naming.In addition,the paper compares the 814 most frequently words of the Chaensi dialect with their corresponding words of Xiangtan,front range of Hengshan and behind range of Hengshan,and reaches the same rate between the Chaensi dialect and these three regions are 80%?79.1%?80.5%.The highest same rate is from behind range of Hengshan.Moreover,this paper found that the same rate between the general nouns of Chaensi dialect and front range of Hengshan and behind range of hengshan is 100%,it could be influenced by dialect geography,humanities economic exchanges,road traffic,mandarin,etc.