A Study On The British General Practitioners Who Opposed NHS (1945-1948)

The National Health Service(NHS)was officially operational on July 5,1948.Today,the United Kingdom has made the NHS one of the symbols of the country.However,during the preparation of the NHS from 1945 to 1948,there was a huge disagreement between the public opinion on whether to establish the NHS.In general,English-speaking countries are relatively mature in NHS research,involving a wide range of topics and deeper research.The study of NHS in mainland Chinese academia mainly focuses on the evolution of its history and the analysis of the NHS reform of important nodes.In the British public opinion on whether to establish a heated debate on the establishment of NHS,China’s academic community involved less.This paper attempts to analyze the social differences arising from the establishment of the NHS and targets the General Practitioners who had the most vocal challenges and tries to reveal the social disputes behind the establishment of the NHS.This paper is divided into three parts:introduction,main body and conclusion.In the introduction,the author describes the origin and research significance of this study and reviewed domestic and international research on NHS.While clarifying related concepts,the author elaborates on the research methods,difficulties and innovations in this paper.In the main body,the author studies the focus of the controversy of General Practitioners,explains the voice of the General Practitioners in various aspects,and tries to integrate them.Then,the author will retrospect the structure of the British medical profession,in-depth analysis of the history of the General Practitioner’s opposition to the establishment of the NHS,listen to the echo of the times behind the query.Finally,the text will analyze the text of the National Health Service Act of 1946.It would allow General Gractitioners to think that the freedom and independence of the British medical profession will be subverted within the NHS system and become an autocratic system.Based on data integration,analyze the economic income of General Practitioners through a simple data model.In the first chapter,the author will use the literature from The Times,The Manchester Guardians,and The Observer from 1945 to 1948.NHS triggered the three focus issues that general practitioners objected to.The three focus issues are:opposing nationalization of hospitals,opposing becoming full-time employees of the government,and worrying about falling income.In the second chapter,the author will explore the status and role of General Practitioners in the former NHS era,and trace the origin and evolution of British hospitals to analyze the historical reasons why General Practitioners oppose the NHS.Based on the review and analysis of relevant historical materials,the authors believe that General Practitioners were worried that the British medical profession would become a dictatorial system after the intervention of national forces and threatens the freedom and independence of the British medical profession.The development of history has a path independence character.General Practitioners had become accustomed to the British medical profession,which has long had no effective influence on national power at the central government level.The establishment of the NHS in 1948 was a stormy reform of the British medical profession by the national power.This was unacceptable to the General Practitioner.In the third chapter,the author will analyze the focus of the debate on the NHS.This chapter will carry on the concrete analysis in the following three parts:First,NHS would become the authoritarian system.This section takes the Minister of Health’s authority and financial power within the NHS as an angle of view.Through the analysis of the text of the National Health Service Law,the author will try to explore the possibility of the NHS transforming the British medical profession into a dictatorial system;second,the freedom of the British medical industry was subverted.Secondly,this section will analyze the free medical practice of doctors and their freedom of choice of doctors on the basis of the text analysis of the National Health Service Law.Third,this section will analyze the income problems of General Practitioners.Because of the income of General Practitioners,The Times,The Manchester Guardian and The Observer’s are presented in the form of open letters by General Gractitioners "to the editors".It is hard to represent the overall income level of the General Practitioner group.However,the UK government-related documents,National Income and Expenditure of the United Kingdom and Report on the Inter-Departmental Committee on Remuneration of General Practitioners had more detailed statistics on the income of General Practitioners.Therefore,the author tries to use the National Income and Expenditure of the United Kingdom and Report on the Inter-Departmental Committee on Remuneration of General Practitioners as the basis for the analysis of the general income level of General Practitioners by establishing a simple data model.The conclusion is the summary and expansion of the entire paper.The author put forward his own opinion based on the analysis of the NHS controversy during the preparation of the NHS from 1945 to 1948,The author believes that the establishment of the NHS had an impact on the freedom and independence of the British medical profession,but it does not make the NHS a dictatorial system;on the economic revenue,private practice has gradually become the main source of income for General Practitioners before and after World War ".However,the NHS has banned NHS doctors from practicing privately,causing General Practitioners to worry that their income would drop significantly within the NHS.