The Effect Of Nutrition Education On Nutritional Knowledge Attitude And Behavior Of The Patients With Cardiovascular Disease

Objective: Questionnaires about nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior of the patients with cardiovascular disease were designed,in order to discuss the influential factors of patients' nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior.Observe the effect of nutrition intervention on patients' nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior,so as to provide theoretical basis for nutrition and health education of the patients with cardiovascular disease.Methods: Self-designed questionnaires including cardiovascular disease nutritional knowledge,attitude and behavior were adopted,and the patients enrolled were randomly assigned into experimental group and control group.The patients of control group took the questionnaire investigation directly after admitted into hospital,while the experimental group took the questionnaire after receiving health education.1 Using random sampling and self-designed questionnaires concerning nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior,the spot investigation was conducted among the patients with cardiovascular disease in the hospital.Statistical analysis of the variables in the sample data was conducted,and normal distribution was described by mean and standard deviation of measurement;while non-normal distribution was described in the median and interquartile range.Count data was described by frequency and quantile statistics.Using t-test,?2 test,anova,LSD-t test,relation among the knowing,credibility and behavior of cardiovascular disease of nutrition knowledge and their influencial factors were analyzed.2 Standard operating procedure was drafted ahead of the reseach,and carried out strictly.After being testified by experts,the questionnaires were used for pre-investigation.According to the results of pre-investigation,project analysis and modification were made.All investigators must participate in a training program to master the necessary knowledge and skills of nutrition and epidemiology survey.In the process of investigation,spot check on the recycled questionnaire were made by quality control personnel,and unqualified questionnaire were corrected.3 Scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior were given by standards as follows: Part of knowledge: know well(3 points);just hear of(2 points);do not know(1 point).Part of attitude(active or positive): extremely important(3 points);sort of(2 points);Not important(1 point).Part of attitude(from active to positive): 4 points;3 points;2 points;1 point.The sum of those 3 parts would be added as total number.Social economic status(SES)would be scored by 3 levels: low for <33.3%;medium for 33.3%-66.7%;and high for >66.7%.Results: 550 cases were enrolled in the research finally.Comparison was made between control group and education group: the professional knowledge of nutrition awareness in both groups were less than 60%,whereas that of the education group was improved after education.In terms of general nutrition knowledge of diabetes,the awareness of education group was significantly higher than control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).According to the investigation,the total score,knowledge score,attitude score and behavior score of education group were all higher than control group,indicating that the difference was statistically significant as well(P<0.05).Besides,the knowing,trust and practice of nutrition knowledge was also influenced by the gender,age,residence and SES of patients.Conclusion: Overall situation of knowledge,trust and practice of nutrition knowledge was not as expected: the nutrition knowledge of most patients was rare,their general attitude towards nutrition was passive,and they behaved poorly in practicing what they had already known.The patients' nutrition knowledge,attitude,and behavior was affected by their economic status,residence,age and gender.The patients' nutritional knowledge,attitude was obviously improved by the health education during the hospitalization,but there was no obvious improvement of nutrition behavior because of the limited hospitalization time.In conclusion,all of those influencial factors should be taken into consideration during the education of nutrition knowledge,and the appropriate educating methods should be adopted,so as to improve the nutrition knowledge,attitude and behaviors of patients.