| AimStudying the current states of contrast-induced encephalopathy of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)in documents,including the clinical epidemiological characteristics,pathogenic mechanism and clinical symptoms,and analyzing the patientse'gender,age,preexisted hypertension or diabetes mellitus or renal failure,the category and doses of contrast,manifestation and prognosis,so as to promote the diagnosis and treatment of contrast-induced encephalopathy of ASCVD.MethodsSearch the paper in “CNKI database,Wanfang database,Pub Med,and EM base ”,the searching language is C hinese or English.The retrieval words are “atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,contrast-induced encephalopathy,neurotoxicity,and cortical blindness and case report”.Consult the documents and the references from the primary articles.And then bring in the cases of CIE of ASCVD,referred to the diagnostic criteria of NLA in 2014,and then collect the basic information and use the SPSS 16.0 and Excel statistic softwares to conduct the retrospective analysis,the data that conforms to the normal distribution expressed as`x S,enumaration data expressed with rate or constituent ratio,Non-parametric test using a single sample K-S test,independent t test,The correlation test was performed by the Pearson test,bilateral P <0.05 as statistically significant.ResultsIn the total 73 cases,male patient is 49,occupying 67.1%,while female is 23,occupying 31.5%,and one not in detail.It seems that there is a higher incidence of the encephalopathy in male patient.Age conforms to normal distribution,and the minimal age is 44,the maximal is 89,the average is(67.0±10.1)years old.It indicates that maybe the elder suffers more from CIE.And the number of hypertension is 51(occupying 69.9%),and non-hypertension is 22(occupying 30.1%).As for diabetes mellitus,DM is 22(30.1%),while non-DM is 51(69.9%),patients with renal failure was 9,(occupying 12.3%),and patient combined hypertension and DM was 13,combined with hypertension and RF was 6,DM and RF was 2,and the merging 3 factors was only 1.In all 73 patients,coronary heart disease is up to 60(82.2%),cerebral vascular disease is 13(17.8%),the renal stenosis is 3(4.1%).And there were 4 patients combined with complex vascular diseasses,and 15 with CABG.There were 11 for ionic contrast medium,and 57 for non-ionic contrast medium,and 5 was unknown;hypertonic contrast agent in 8,isotonic in 8 and low permeability in 52,5 were unknown.And the minimal dosage for contrast medium is 25 ml,the maximal is 1500 ml,the average dosage is 246.4ml.Symptoms of patients: cortical blindness for 31.5%,delirium for 16.4%,the hemiplegia,epilepsy,ophthalmoplegia accounted for 12.3%,11.0% and 5.4% respectively,nonspecific symptoms including dizziness,headache,confusion,restlessness,etc occupied 32.9%.The relief time varies from several hours to several days and was not related with age,dosage and risk factors.ConclusionContrast-induced encephalopathy is a very rare complication during the intervention procedure,the incidence documented is only 0.3%-1%.The advanced age(74.0%),male gender(67.1%),hypertension(69.9%)and renal failure are the important risk factors for contrast-induced encephalopathy.S ymptoms include the neuropsychological complaints,seizure,and cortical blindness.The prognosis is generally good and rarely with the neurological sequelae.SignificanceThe previous study mainly focused on the sporadic case reports,and this is the first time we focus on the patient with contrast-induced encephalopathy following ASCVD.Through the retrospective research,conducting a descriptive analysis about the epidemiological characteristics,risk factors,clinical symptoms and prognosis,we hope to promote clinician on the disease's diagnosis and treatment,as well as to lay the base for further study. |
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