Differential Analysis Of ApoE Gene Polymorphism In Female Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

Objective:Apolipoprotein E(Apo E)is an important component of plasma lipoprotein,involved in lipid transport and metabolic processes.Coronary heart disease(CHD)is a serious threat to human health,abnormal lipid metabolism in the development of coronary heart disease plays an important role in the development process.Apo E polymorphism and blood lipid levels,blood lipid levels and coronary heart disease are closely related.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Apo E gene polymorphism and hyperlipidemia and CHD in female CHD patients,which is beneficial to further understand the genetic mechanism of CHD.Methods:Used a case-case study,200 female patients in Shaanxi province by CAG aged 45-81 were selected.The patients were diagnosed as coronary heart disease by coronary angiography.The course of chest pain(years),history of hypertension(yes or no),history of diabetes mellitus(yes or no),body mass index(BMI)were collected and the cholesterol,triglyceride and high density lipoprotein concentrations were measured.The patient's Apo E genotype was determined by the method of gene chip,and the frequency of each allele was calculated by the method of equilibrium.Blood lipids were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(x ±s),data and Logistic regression were analysis by statistics software SPSS16.0,p values <0.05 wereconsidered statistically significant.Results:Four genotypes(Apo E2/3,Apo E3/3,Apo E3/4,Apo E4/4)and three alleles(Apo E2,Apo E3 and Apo E4)were detected in 200 patients with coronary heart disease diagnosed by CAG.Among them,Apo E2/3 genotype was 29 cases(14.5%),Apo E3/3 genotype was 127 cases(63.5%),Apo E3/4 genotype 40 cases(20%),Apo E4/4 genotype 4 cases(0.2%).Apo E3 was the highest(80.8%),Apo E4(12%)and Apo E2(7.2%).In Apo E2 group,the body mass index(BMI)and the proportion of hypertension were significantly lower than those in Apo E3 and Apo E4 groups(P <0.05).The proportion of diabetes in Apo E4 patients with coronary heart disease was significantly higher than that in Apo E2 and Apo E3 patients(P <0.05).The levels of TC and TG in female patients with Apo E4 type were significantly higher than those patients with Apo E2 type and Apo E3 type.And the levels of HDL and LDL in Apo E2 group were significantly lower than those in Apo E3 and Apo E4groups(P <0.05).There were no significant differences in the number of diseased vessel,the serious stenosis and the range of vessel disease in patients with different genotypes of coronary heart disease(P> 0.05).Campared with the the Apo E2 and Apo E3 carriers,patientswho carry Apo E4 genotype were significantly associated with higher Gensini score(P <0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension,diabetes,TC,TG and Apo E4 allele were positively correlated with coronary heart disease.Conclusion: In this study,Apo E3 allele distributed most widely in female patients with coronary heart disease,patients who carry Apo E3 genetype with the largest number and patients who carry Apo E4 genetype followed.Apo E gene polymorphism had a significant effect on the blood lipid level of female patients with coronary heart disease,and the characteristics of coronary artery lesion in female patients with Apo E4 genotype were more serious.The results of regression analysis showed that Apo E4 allele,TC and TG were the risk factors of coronary heart disease,suggesting that Apo E gene polymorphism affects the development of coronary heart disease by affecting lipid metabolism,Apo E gene polymorphism can provide the basis for early detection,prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease.