A Study On The Relationship Between Psycholodical Capital, Effort-reward Imblance And Stay Intention Of Pediatric Nurses

ObjectiveThis research is devoted to research the current status of psychological capital,effort-reward imbalance and desire to remain among those pediatric nurses.The factors influencing their psychological capital have been also analyzed.The correlation between psychological capital,effort-reward imbalance and desire to remain among those pediatric nurses has been discussed.The aim of this research to improve the management system of pediatric nursing and provide theoretical basis for building the team of pediatric nurses.MethodsBy means of convenience sampling,a total of 400 pediatric nurses have been drawn from 8 comprehensive hospitals in Henan Province,four of them being the Grade-3A Hospital and the rest being the Grade-2A hospital.The tools used for survey have included the ordinary survey table,the questionnaire of psychological capital(Chinese revision),the questionnaire regarding the effort-reward imbalance(Chinese version)and the scale about the desire to remain(Chinese version).The statistical software of SPSS 18.0 has been used to process and analyze the relevant data.The independent-sample t test and one-way analysis of variance have been adopted.The multiple linear analysis has been used for multi-variable analysis.Pearson has been adopted to analyze the relevant factors.Results1.The psychological capital of pediatric nurses1.1 The scores for the psychological capital and various dimensions of pediatric nurses are as follows.The score of psychological capital is 3.94�1.28.To be more specific,the score of self-efficacy is 3.97�1.33.The score of hope is 3.86�1.38.The score of enduring the setback is 4.00�1.31.The score of being optimistic is(3.92�1.46).1.2 For the one-way analysis of variance,the difference in the scores of psychological capital in terms of demographic factors has the statistical significance(P<0.001).The scores for the psychological capital and various dimensions of pediatric nurses have remained at a high level for the group with the age higher than 40,work experience more than 15 years,female nurse,professional title above nurse in charge,the master's degree,non-three-shift,permanent nurse,the monthly salary higher than 5000 RMB and the Grade-3A hospital.2.The effort-reward imbalance of pediatric nurses2.1 The scores for the effort-reward factors of pediatric nurses are as follows.The total score of effort and reward is 60.49�9.11.The score of effort is 17.72�4.28.The score of reward is 26.47�9.35.The score of internal input is 16.30�4.31.There are 161 pediatric nurses with an ERIratio value higher than 1.They have accounted for 42.1 percent of all nurses.The rest of them have an ERIratio value lower than 1.125 pediatric nurses have been subject to the overloaded work with a score for internal input more than 18,accounting for 32.7 percent of all nurses.2.2 For the one-way analysis of variance,the difference in the scores of occupational stress in terms of demographic factors has the statistical significance(P<0.001).For the group with the age lower than 30,work experience between 1 and 5 years,the professional title being nurse,unmarried status,contracted basis and monthly income below 3000 RMB,their scores for effort and internal score have been obviously higher than other groups.In contrast,the score of reward is obviously lower than other groups(P<0.001).The score of male pediatric nurses has the statistical significance only for reward factor,which is significantly lower than the female group(P<0.001).For those pediatric nurses with different degrees and from different levels of hospitals,only the difference in the score for internal input has the statistical significance.The group of the nurses with the bachelor's degree and from Grade-3A hospital has a score of internal input significantly higher than other groups(P<0.001).3.The desire to remain3.1 The scores for the desire to remain and various dimensions of pediatric nurses are as follows.The score for the desire to remain is 3.37�0.30.The entry score of the possibility of remaining as a nurse is 3.56�1.17.The entry score of leaving for another nursing post in different department is 3.12�1.23.The entry score of the efficiency of finding a new job is 3.74�1.23.The entry score of never considering leaving the post is 3.05�1.32.The entry score of never seeking a new job is 3.45�1.23.The entry score of the possibility of leaving the nursing post is 3.35�1.28.3.2 For the one-way analysis of variance,the difference in the scores of desire to remain in terms of demographic factors has the statistical significance(P<0.001).The scores for the desire to remain among pediatric nurses have remained at a high level for the group with the age higher than 40,work experience more than 15 years,female nurse,professional title above nurse in charge,the master's degree,non-three-shift,permanent nurse,the monthly salary higher than 5000 RMB and the Triple-A hospital(P<0.001).4.The multiple linear regression analysis on the desire to remain among pediatric nurses4.1 The factors influencing the regression equation of mental capital are: age,marital status,gender,labor nature.4.2 The factors influencing the regression equation of effort-reward imbalance are: gender,marital status,monthly income,labor nature.4.3 The factors that can enter the return intention are: age,working life,job title,monthly income,whether the third shift,the nature of employment,psychological capital,occupational stress.5.The analysis on the correlation between psychological capital,occupational stress and desire to remain among those pediatric nurses As shown in the Pearson correlation analysis,the psychological capital of those nurses is positively related to the desire to remain.The effort-reward imbalance is negatively related to the desire to remain.Conclusions1.The psychological capital of pediatric nurses remains at the medium level.The main influencing factors were age,marital status,gender,labor nature.2.There is a high proportion of the effort-reward imbalance among those pediatric nurses.The main influencing factors were gender,marital status,monthly income,labor nature.3.The desire to remain among pediatric nurses remains at the medium level.The main influencing factors were age,working life,job title,monthly income,whether the third shift,the nature of employment,psychological capital,occupational stress.4.The psychological capital of those nurses is positively related to the desire to remain.The occupational stress is negatively related to the desire to remain.Hence,the hospital management should take measures to improve the psychological capital of those pediatric nurses,enhance the education on psychological quality,increase the salary of those nurses,reduce the occupational risk as well as relieve the sense of occupational stress.In this way,the desire to remain among pediatric nurses will be enhanced accordingly.