Effects Of Coca-Cola On Obese C57BL/6 Mice

BackgroundSince the twenty-first Century,because of the diversification of residents diet in China,obesity,h-ypertension,diabetes and the other chronic metabolic disease have been increased significantly.Thes e diseases often occur simultaneously or successively.Their pathogenesis may be related to insulin r esistance.In clinical work,they are often known as metabolic syndrome(MS).At present,MS is the most concerned by the people at home and abroad,which has been become one of the hotspot in medical research. Not only is obesity the central link of the metabolic syndrome,but also it belong s to metabolic syndrome.So it is very important to Study on the factors that happen to obesity.It is closely related to people's health.Since the last century 70's,the number of sugary drinks consumption have increased gradually,as a result,overweight?obesity and type 2 diabetes have been rised at the same time.Coca-Cola is not only a carbonated beverage which contain a high sugar content,but also it is a beverage which contain caffeine ingredients. Coca-Cola is loved by many people because of its unique taste,so its sales is the first place in the beverage industry.It is very important to study the impact on people's obesity.In order to explore the impact of Coca-Cola on people's obesity,we make C57BL/6 mice to drink Coca-Cola for a long time.how do Coca-Cola impact on the obesity of mice?How do the mice change after drinking Coca-Cola?In this paper,these problems will be studied.ObjectivesTo explore the effects of coca-cola on obesity in C57BL/6 mice.Methods1?The study established a model of mice that drank Coca-Cola.8 week old C57BL/6 male mice were purchased from the animal research institute of Nanjing University(Nanjing,China),they were fed at the center of the laboratory of molecular medicine at the Henan University School of medicine for a week, and then they were grouped and modeled.according tothe principle of randomization,They are divided into four groups:Normal feed and water(NFD+W) group?Normal feed,Coca-Cola( NFD+CC)group,High fat feed and water(HFD+W)group,High fat diet and Coca-Cola(HFD+CC)group.2?General observation and weight measurement.The mice were observed every two days,such as eating,activity,mental stat,fur gloss, etc.Changing in body weight and food intake and blood glucose levels were monitored in mice every week. At the end of the experiment,the oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed,and then the mice were sacrificed to Measure the length of mice,to collect blood and tissue materials respectively,and then these blood and tissue materials were frozen or fixed.3?Biochemical analysis of plasma.Plasma alanine aminotransferase,Plasma aspartate aminotransferase,plasma triglyceride(TG), Total cholesterol(TC),High density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)and Lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL)level,were measured using Cobas8000 Roche automatic biochemical sera workstation.ELISA method was used to detect the plasma insulin?catecholamine and free fatty acid4?Histological observation of mouseAfter 1-3% Pentobarbital Sodium Injection with anesthesia, blooding from the heart, and blood was collected, then remove the mouse pancreas,liver,epididymal adipose tissue. Pancreatic tissue,beside the epididymal adipose tissue,liver tissue were fixed,embedded in paraffin and cut into 5-um sections,The sections were stained with Hematoxylin-eosin staining.Results1 ? The weight increases of HFD+CC group were lower than that of HFD+W group at the fifth week;There was no significant difference from the weight increases between NFD+CC group and NFD+W group.2?NFD+CC group Compared with NFD+W group,the mice Lee 's index of NFD+CC group were relatively lower,but there was no obvious differences;HFD+CC group Compared with HFD+W group,the mice Lee 's index of HFD+CC group were relatively lower and there was obvious differences;HFD+Wgroup Compared with NFD+W group,the mice Lee 's index of HFD+W group were relatively higher and there were obvious differences.3?NFD+CC group compared with NFD+W group,the mice foodintake per day of NFD+CC group were less, and there was obvious differences;HFD+CC group compared with HFD+W group,the mice foodintake per day of HFD +CC group were less,and there was obvious differences.4?(1)NFD+CC group Compared with NFD+W group, their epididymis weight and epididymal adipose tissue adjacent fat index were less,but there was no obvious differences;HFD+CC group Compared with HFD+W group, their epididymis weight and epididymal adipose tissue adjacent fat index are less,but there are no obvious differences;NFD+CC group Compared with HFD+CC group,their epididymis weight and epididymal adipose tissue adjacent fat index are less,and there are obvious differences.(2)The mice liver weight and liver index of NFD+CC group were less than that of NFD+W group,but there are no obvious difference; HFD+CC group Compared with HFD+W group,the mice liver weight and liver index of HFD+CC group were less,but there was no obvious difference.5?Epididymis adipose tissue were made into slices and after they were photographed under the optical microscope and then the number of fat cells were observed:(1) The number of fat cells of epididymis in NFD+CC group were more than NFD+W group and there was significant difference;HFD+CC group Compared with HFD+W group,the number of fat cells of epididymis in NFD+CC group were more too,and there was significant difference.(2)The epididymal fat cell area in NFD+CC group were less than that NFD +W group and the epididymal fat cell area in HFD+CC group were less than that HFD+W group too.6?(1) HFD+W group Compared with NFD+W group and NFD+CC group,The content of AST?ALT?TG?TC and LDL in the plasma of HFD+W group were significantly increased, but their content of HDL was decreased;The content of AST,ALT,TG,TC and LDLin the plasma of HFD+CC group were lower than that in HFD+W group,but their content of HDL was increased;The content of AST,ALT,TG,TC and LDL-C in the plasma of NFD+CC group were lower than that in NFD+W group too.(2)HFD+W group Compared with NFD+W group and NFD+CC group,the mice AUC(OGTT,ITT) of HFD+W group were higher,there are obvious differences;The mice AUC(OGTT,ITT) of HFD+CC group were lower than thatof HFD+W group,but there was no obvious difference;The mice AUC(OGTT,ITT) of NFD+CC group were lower than that of NFD+W group,but there was no obvious difference.7?(1)HFD+W group and HFD+CC group Compared with NFD+W group,their expression of free fatty acids absorbance were increased,At the same time,the expression of insulin absorbance were increased;the mice expression of free fatty acids absorbance and insulin absorbance of NFD+CC group were higher than that of NFD+W group but there was no obvious difference;the mice expression of free fatty acids absorbance and insulin absorbance of HFD+CC group were higher than that of HFD+W group but there was no obvious difference.(2)HFD+CC group Compared with HFD+W group,The expression of catecholamine absorbance of HFD+CC group was higher and there are obvious differences;The expression of catecholamine absorbance of NFD+CC group was higher that of NFD+W group but there was no significant difference.ConclusionCoca-Cola can inhibit of appetite of mice and increase catecholamine secretionand and FFA secretion,so that food intake of mice reduce,the amount of exercise and fat decomposition of mice increased,as a result Coca-Cola can prevent obesity.