Study On Sub-health State And Associated Factors Among Middle School Teachers

Objective:The aims of the study were to assess the sub-health state and its influencing factors among teachers in the middle schools in Tianjing and to explore the relationgships between the occupational stress and the sub-health state.Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0(SHMS V1.0)was used to assess the sub-health state of subjects and the reliability and validity of SHMS V1.0 was also evaluated.Suggestions and countermeasures to improve the health of teachers had also been proposed at last.Method:A total of 4000 samples from 6 districts of Tianjin were recruited and stratified cluster sampling strategy was used during the period from April,2013 to July,2013.Self-designed questionnaire was used,including basic information scale,SHMS V1.0,Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition(OSI-R)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).150 people randomly selected from all the participants participated in test-retest reliability survey one week later.The reliability and validity of SHMS V1.0,OSI-R and PSQI was evaluated by calculating the split-half reliability,Cronbach's alpha coefficient,construct validity and correlation analysis.The influencing factors of sub-health were also applied using binary logistic regression model.Questionnaires were entered using Epidata Entry 3.0 and were rechecked to ensure the accuracy of the data.The statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 19.0 statistical package.Result:A total of 4,000 questionnaires were distributed and 3,522 effective questionnaires were recovered,yielding a response rate of 88.05%.150 questionnaires were distributed and 144 effective questionnaires were recovered in retest.The reliability and validity of SHMS V1.0The test-retest reliability of SHMS V1.0 was 0.870;the split-half reliability was 0.963,Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.876.Factor analysis produced seven components,explained 61.77%of total variance.Result of factor analysis matched the original theoretical conception about SHMS V1.0.The reliability and validity of OSI-RThe test-retest reliability of OSI-R was 0.837,the split-half reliability was 0.954,Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.915.The Pearson correlation coefficients between the dimensions scores and the total score of OSI-R were 0.364?0.755(P<0.05).The pearson correlation coefficients between the dimensions scores and individual questionnaire were 0.560?0.872(P<0.05).The reliability and validity of PSQIThe split-half reliability of PSQI was 0.873,Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.739.Factor analysis produced four components which explained 53.78%of total variance.Most items had a higher factor loading in one of the three factors,while relatively lower in other factors.Sub-health detection rate of teachers in the middle school in TianjinSub-health detection rate of teachers in the middle school in Tianjin was 58.55%,55.19%for male and 59.71%for female.50-age group had the highest sub-health detection rate.The second was 40-50y age group.The rank of OSI-R of teachers in the middle school in TianjinRank occupational stress according to teachers in China,ORQ,PSQ,PRQ scores were high,moderate,appropriate and deficient separately.Among all teachers,who had appropriate occupational role stress account for 73.64%,59.41%teachers had appropriate personal strain and teachers had appriate/sufficient personal resources accounted for 77.22%.The partial correlation analysis between the scores of sub-health and occupational stress of teachers in the middle schoolsThe scores of occupational role and personal strain were negativelycorrelative to the score of sub-health state when controlling age and gender factors(P<0.05).While,there were significantly positive correlations between the score of personal resource and the score of sub-health state(P<0.05).Associated factors of sub-healthThe binary logistic regression model demonstrated that gender,age,nation,teaching grades,work time per day,occupational stress,personal strain,personal resource,BMI,alcohol consumption,sleep quality,negative events experience affect the health state of teachers in the middle schools.Poor sleep quality(OR=8.394)and high occupational stress(OR=8.265)might be the most important risk factors of sub-health of teachers in middle schools.Conclusion:SHMS V1.0 and OSI-R had good reliability and validity,and were suitable for sub-health and occupational stress evaluation among Tianjin middle school teachers.PSQI had good reliability and validity,and was a simple,effective sleep quality measurement tool.Sub-health detection rate of Tianjin middle school teachers was 58.55%.The rate of women was higher than men,highly rate of sub-health in age group between 50?years old.Sub-health was a result of multiple factors.Poor sleep quality and high occupational stress were the most significant affecting factors deserving further research.Strengthening health education,health management,regular medical check-ups,adopting a healthy lifestyle,keeping an emotional balance and establishing good relationships are helpful to improve population health level and reduce rate of sub-health.