| BackgroundIn the 21 st century, the rapid economic development, improved residents living standards, increasingly fierce competition in society, cultural diversity, are impact factors which increase people’s psychological pressure. So epidemiological surveys of mental health become one of the focuses of the health sectors in our country. Some provinces and cities in China have conducted epidemiological investigation of the mental disorder with the international general diagnostic tools and diagnostic criteria, but Shaanxi, Gansu and Henan provinces, which are located in the central and western regions in China, are still lack of comprehensive prevalence data of mental disorders.ObjectivesThis study is the part of China’s mental health survey(CMHS) under the chronic disease and its risk factors monitoring framework(No. 201202022). To understand the mental health status of Shaanxi, Henan and Gansu province. To obtain data aboutprevalence, distribution characteristics, comorbidities of all kinds of common and frequent disorders through sampling survey, to understand the risk factors related with the common mental disorders in three provinces.MethodsThe mental health survey was carried out on community residents aged 18 or above who have the household registration, including5 counties of Shaanxi Province, 5 counties of Gansu Province, 8 counties of Henan Province in July 2013 to July 2014. The multi-stage stratified capacity proportion probability random sampling method was used. The survey was conducted though the Composite International Diagnostic Interview(CIDI 3.0) CAPI, with the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders- version 4(DSM-Ⅳ) as diagnostic criteria. SAS statistical software used for data processing and analysis. The 30 days, 12 month and lifetime prevalence of mental disorders were calculated. The prevalence various types of mental disorders and comorbidities obtained according to the participants’ age, gender, cultural degree, the condition of urban and rural, marital status and other factors. The differences of the prevalences of mental disorders among different groups were analysised. Statistical significance was based on two-tailed tests evaluated at the 0.05 level of significance.ResultsA total of 4320 were sampled, 3608 panticipants finished the interview. The response rate was 83.52%. In 3608 subjects aged 18-91, including 901 in Shaanxi Province,1014 in Gansu Province, and 1693 in Henan Province, the average age was 50.38±14.56 years old.The 30 days, 12 months, and lifetime prevalence of mental disorders of the three provinces was 5.76%, 11.50%, and 19.37%, respectively. The 30 days, 12 months, and lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Shaanxi Province were 4.66%, 10.10% and 20.75%, respectively. The 30 days, 12 months, and lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Gansu Province were 5.73%, 14.50% and 21.10% respectively. The 30 days, 12 months, lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Henan Province were 6.80%, 12.93%, and 17.60%, respectively.The differences of 30 days prevalence of mental disorders were no statistically significant among the three provinces(χ2=4.04, P=4.04). The differences of 12 months prevalence and lifetime prevalence were statistically significant(χ2=8.53, P=0.01; χ2=6.44, P=0.04) among the three provinces. The top three of the lifetime prevalence ofmental disorders were tobacco dependence, major depressive disorder and panic attacks.Among different age groups in three provinces, the 12 prevalence and lifetime prevalences of mental disorders of 51-65 years age group was higher than that of 18-35 years age group, there was statistically significant difference between them(χ2=4.97, P=0.03; χ2=12.63, P< 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between other age groups and 18-35(P>0.05). The 12 month(4.55%) and lifetime prevalence(7.59%) of mental disorders of 51-65 was higher than other age groups.The 12 month(6.74%) and lifetime prevalences(12.58%) of males in three provinces were higher than females(4.74%, 6.76%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2= 50.37, P< 0.01; χ2=180.44, P<0.01).The 12 month(10.55%) and lifetime prevalences(17.51%) of mental disorders among rural residents in three provinces were higher than that of unban residents(0.94%, 1.86%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=277.48, P< 0.01; χ2=476.44, P< 0.01).The 12 month and lifetime prevalences of mental disorders among illiteracy and primary sections of three provinces were higher than that of more learning experience group, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=65.58, P< 0.01; χ2=56.73, P< 0.01).The lifetime prevalence(14.22%) of non- working group in three provinces was higher than students(0.11%) and aworking group(5.04%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2= 9.50, P< 0.01).The lifetime comorbidity rate of common mental disorders was 8.37% in the three provinces. There were 113 people with lifetime comorbidity in Shaanxi Province, the comorbidity rate was 12.54%. There were 91 people with lifetime comorbidity in Gansu Province, the comorbidity rate was 8.97%. There were 101 people with lifetime comorbidity in Henan Province, the comorbidity rate was 5.97%.Among various types of mental disorders in the three provinces, the single factor analysis showed that urban residents is a risk factor for anxiety disorders and mood disorders; divorced/separated/widow is a risk factor for anxiety disorders; the female is the protective factor for substance use disorders.ConclusionsThe lifetime prevalence of any mental disorders in the three provinces was 19.37%, of which the lifetime prevalence of any mental disorders in Shaanxi Province was 20.75%, Gansu Province was 21.10%, and Henan Province was 17.60%. The prevalence of mental disorders of community adults in three provinces is slightly higher than other domestic area, but significantly lower than that of the developed countries. The top three prevalences of specific mental disorder are nicotine dependence, major depressive disorder and special phobia.People, who are 51-65 years old, urban residents, male, divorced/separated/widow, lower cultural level, or unemployed, are high risk for mental disorders. |
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