| In this paper,12 seed traits of 44 different hybridized combination as resaerch materials were analyzed to understand the variation of seed traits of Korean pine hybrids and breed hybrid combinations.We studied variation law of seed characters,correlation of traits and breeding superior cross combinatios to provide the data bases for the screening of excellent families or clones of Korean pine.The results of variation analysis showed that the variation of seed character was from 8.07% to 36.35%.The variation coefficient of seed weight was the maximum and the variation coefficient of oil content was the minimum.There were 16 kinds of amino acids in pinenut protein,and the variation of them was from 16.58% to 48.13%.The variation of essential amino acids was 29.37%.Analysis of variation in pedigrees shows that,seed weight variation of 10×79-26 was the highest,which was 46.34%,100-grain weight variation of 144×011 was the highest,which was 37.59%.The variation coefficient of kernel rate,seed kernel weight of 144 × 011 was 18.39%,40.24%,respectively.The coefficient of variation of 17 × 10 protein was the highest which was 33%,and the coefficient of variation of 10 × 10 polysaccharide was the highest,which was 40.8%.The coefficient of variation of 011 × 156 oil was the largest,14.26%.The correlation of all characters in different sites had some similarities,the characters include cone weight,grain weight,hundred-grain weight,seed length and kernel weight were positive correlation;lipid content,grain weight and kernel percent have significant positive correlation in Weihe seed orchard,in Qingshan seed orchard,the correlation of them is weak.There was a significant positive correlation between essential amino acids and phenylalanine,lysine,tyrosine and histidine.The essential amino acids,amino acids and threonine,aspartic acid,serine and glutamic acid were significantly positive correlation.Analysis of amino acid and morphological characters and nutrient composition showed that amino acid components were positively correlated with protein and polysaccharide,and could be combined.There was a significant negative correlation between amino acid composition and seed weight,the correlation coefficient was-0.46,which indicated that the kernel weight could affect the quality of amino acids.Make the hybridized combinations of fourth crossing design as research objects,we analyzed combining ability,heritability.The heritability of seed characters is high,the general combining ability(GCA)of 042 and 79-9 had better performance than other parents,we can use them to build seed orchard,the specific combining ability(SCA)of 144×011,79-9×10,79-9×17 is higher than others,as construction materials for building hybrid seed orchard or use their clones to build seed orchard.The heritability of 100-grain weight,kernel,fat and essential amino acids of Weihe were 23.48%,55.78%,75.23%,76.76% and 50.27% respectively.The heritability of 100-grain weight,protein,oil and essential amino acid of Linkou were 44.36%,57.35%,67.24% and 61.73% respectively.Screening the single-trait preferred hybrids: 011×153,174×174,037×174,191×174,79-9×10,17×10,17×24.The fruit weight,seed length,protein and essential amino acid content was the highest,the 100-grain weight of 037×174 was the highest,kernel weight of 191×174 was the highest,the fruit weight,kernel yield and kernel weight of 79-9×10 was the highest,the 100-grain weight of 17×10 was the highest,the crude fat was 17×24 the highest.Four hybrid combinations were selected by multiple trait selection,they were 011×153,156×161,79-9×10,79-9×17.The average of kernel yield,seed weight,100-grain weight,kernel weight,oil content,protein content,essential amino acid content were 37.42%,87.62 g,61.59 g,0.2316 g,59.31%,9.67%,1324.1μg/g.The real gain of them were 6.58%,17.9%,8.65%,12.06%,1.87%,0.23%,11.93%.The real gain of seed weight,kernel weight,essential amino acid content were larger. |
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