Study On Agronomic Traits And Cropping Patterns Of Forage Type Oats In Western Jilin Province

In this study,ten different varieties of oats(Avena sativa L.)were selected to compare the biomass,grain yield,Normalized Differnce Vegetation Index(NDVI)chlorophyll content and underground root biomass etc,aim to selected the high yield genotypes and providing theoretical guidance for oat breeding in the western Jilin Province.Moreover,mutiple cropping and crop rotation systerm between high yield oat and alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)were conducted in the sandy field condition.The comparation of agronomical and quality of fodder between oat(forage)-oat(forage)cropping systerm,oat(forage)-alfalfa rotation systerm,oat(grain)-oat(forage)cropping systerms were conducted to test the planting performance in western Jinlin province.The main results are as follows:(1)The highest yield among 10 oat varieties was genotype Daoke(6.27t/ha),followed by Musile,linna and Jiayan 2.The hay yield of oats were significantly and negatively correlated to stem to leaf ratio,while it was significantly positive correlated with stem weight.Therefore,selecting oats with heavier stems can achieve the purpose of high-yield oat genotype selection,such as the genotypes Daoke and Musile.(2)The highest seed yield among 10 oat varieties was Qingyan 1(1.79 t/ha),while the difference of seed yield of the other eight varieties was not significant.Grain yield was positively correlated only with grain number per spike,but not with other traits.Therefore,in case breeding aim to higher grain yield,selecting the variety of oat with a large number in spike will be the key breeding strategy,thus the genotype Qingyan No.1 and Qinghai 444 will be the high seed genotype.(3)In the oat(forage)-oat(forage)cropping pattern,during the first season harvisting in grain filling,the hay yield of oats was 7.28 t/ha and that of second season was 6.06 t/ha.Moreover,the difference of nutritional quality of oats in the two season was founded no difference in the grain filling stage.Therefore,in the two harvesting pattern of oat forage,it can be achived in the western Jilin Province.(4)In the cropping pattern of oat(forage)-alfalfa rotation,the hay yield of re-cropping alfalfa hay yield was 1.53 t/ha in early flowering period,which was lower than the economic benefit two seasons oat cropping.However,as perennial herbage,alfalfa has a strong regeneration performance,and the economic benefit produced in the following years is considerable,which can make up the shortcoming of the low yield of Alfalfa in the first year.