| The technology of embryonic paraffin section of Apis cerana cerana F.has been set up.In our investigation,we have got the microscopic entity photos in the embryonic development stage of Apis cerana cerana F.and divided its embryonic development into several stages verifying and complementing the former verbal description and schematic version.This study makes a morphological reference for the research on gene's function of honeybee's embryo development.In order to clarify the effect of temperature on development of honeybee egg,we studied the effect of the temperature of 40 ? on the development of fertilized eggs and unfertilized eggs about both Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica.The result has a great influence on building the honeybee's ecology and development biology.The results were as follows:(1)The morphology of Apis cerana cerana embryoWith Carnot's reagent as stationary liquid,gradient alcohol as dehydration and xylem as clarifier,we had set up a reasonable technological system of embryonic paraffin section of Apis cerana cerana F.on the basics of improving traditional paraffin section.Microscopic entity photos in the typical normal embryo development periods including cleavage,blastoderm,germ band and the formative period of organ system were obtained.During our research,we also observed the movement of energid,the transformation of vitellophage and yolk.Additionally,the characteristic pictures of stages of ectoderm,mesoderm,endoderm and midintestine and spiracle were gained.(2)The effect of temperature 40 ? on the development of honeybee eggsBoth Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica eggs incubitated at higher temperature 40?,the hatching rate and developing period of eggs were influenced significantly.With the treated time longer,the influence was greater.While also there were some differences between Apis cerana cerana eggs and Apis mellifera ligustica eggs in different age with different treating time.At 40?,the higher temperature had a great influence on the hatching rate of both Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica.Eggs less than 18 hour-old were sensitive to high temperature,and those more than 24 hour-old had stronger heat resistance ability;the longer treating time,the lower were the hatching rates.Fertilized eggs of 0-18 hour-age were all dead when the treating time increaced to 5 hours;all the honeybee's unfertilized eggs,which were less than 12 hour-age-old were all dead when the treating time increaced to 3 hours,and 18 hour-age-old unfertilized eggs were all dead when the treating time increaced to 9 hours.Treated at 40? for 1-9 hours,some of eggs 24-hour-old and older than 24-hour-old could hatch,and the treating time prolonged,the lower the hatching rates became.For fertilized and unfertilized eggs of Apis cerana cerana,the eggs of between 24 and 30 hour-old were more sensitive to high temperature,compared with those older.The hatching rates of 24 and 30 hour-age eggs were lower 50%when the treating time increaced to 7 hours,it was to say most of eggs were dead.However,although the hatching rates of eggs older than 36 hour-old were significantly decreated,they were still above 50%when treated for 9 hours.For fertilized and unfertilized eggs of Apis mellifera ligustica,the hatching rates of most treatment groups were still above 40%when treated for 9 hours.The developmental period of both Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica prolonged after 40? treatment.The fertilized and unfertilized eggs'development periods of Apis cerana cerana were generally longer than the normal development periods(67.89 h and 69.20 h)at 35?,ranging from 67.57-75.90 h and 68.40-75.20 h respectively.While the fertilized and unfertilized eggs' development period of Apis mellifera ligustica were also longer than the normal development periods(69.89 h and 73.54 h)at 35?,ranging from 70.20-76.13 h and 74.00-81.53 h respectively. |
PDF Full Text Request