The Nutrient Demand Characteristics Of Nitrogen,Phosphorus And Potassium Of Potatoes In Heilongjiang

The survey was conducted in 6 regions of Heilongjiang province,these areas were Keshan branch,Keshan farm,Suihua city,Mudanjiang city,Hegang city,Jiagedaqi district.There were six potato varieties Youjin,Kexin13,Zhongshu5,Holland15 and Daxiyang which were investigation of potatoes in this survey.The project was divided into several parts which were fertilization by region,Field management measures,basic planting of the tested sites,local soil fertility and so on.The study was conducted to study the effects of different potato varieties on the dry matter accumulation rate of potato,yield of potato,analysis on the difference of nutrient requirement and its influencing factors in 1000kg yield potato,correlation analysis between soil and fertilizer application and nutrient requirement and effect of fertilization on nutrient requirement of potato and so on,which were in different regions under the condition of maximum nutrient requirement and harvest time.At the maximum nutrient requirement of potato,there was a significant difference in dry matter accumulation in different varieties of the same region or in the same variety in the same period.When the whole potato was divided into leaves,petioles,stems,tubers and the whole plant,the average values were 29.83g/plant,26.43g/plant,111.43g/plant and 165.89g/plant.And the coefficient of variation of the dry matter were 44.45%,57.09%,75.56%and 46.14%.The results of the analysis of the influence factors on the dry matter accumulation of the whole plant were variety of potato>fertilization>the nutrient of soil.Potato was measured at harvest,the results showed that there were significant differences in yield of different potato varieties in the same region or the same potato variety in different regions.In 2015,the overall yield of potato in Heilongjiang province was 25.7t/ha.The yield of different potato varieties were measured in different regions,Youj in were the maximum which was 47.47t/ha,the minimum yield of potato was Zhongshu5 which was planted in Mudanjiang city,and the average of the yield was 33.49t/ha.There were significant differences in yield among different potato varieties in different regions.After the importance analysis of factors affecting yield of different potato varieties in different regions,and the result was that fertilization was bigger than varieties of potato,and at the same time,the varieties were bigger than the nutrient of soil.The coefficient of variation were 23.89%,13.29%and 10.51%.By analyzing the correlation between potato yield and fertilization mount of soil,the result was that there was a higher correlation between yield and fertilizer application.There was a positive correlation between yield and fertilizer application rate of different varieties under different fertilizer levels,and the yield was increased with the increasing fertilizer application rate,but this just was a tendency which was not that increasing all the time.This experiment investigated the 1000kg yield of potato nutrient requirements that their average values were nitrogen6.162kg,phosphoric anhydride2.855kg,burnt potash 12.162kg.As the sample of this study is from different regions and different varieties which was a considerable variation.nitrogen,phosphoric anhydride,burnt potash in this survey that their coefficient of variation were 45.6%,59%,49.8%.And through the analysis of variance and multiple comparisons,there was a significant difference between different potato varieties in different regions,and also there was a significant difference between the same potato varieties in the same area.For the nitrogen,phosphoric anhydride and burnt potash which of the 1000kg yield of nutrient requirements,after the importance analysis of influencing factors,the results were that fertilization was bigger than soil fertilizer,and the soil fertilizer was bigger than that varieties of potato.Through the analysis of the correlation between the nutrient requirement of potato and fertilization and soil factors,we knew that there was a higher correlation between fertilization and nutrient requirement.For this,the regression analysis of nutrient requirement and fertilizer application amount was made,and the result was that there was a positive correlation between the nutrient requirement and the amount of fertilizer under different fertilization levels,this result indicated that the nutrient requirement of potato increased with the increase of fertilizer application rate.But beside this,there was no change or decrease in nutrient of potato with the increase of fertilizer application rate.This showed that fertilization is one of the most important factors that affect the nutrient requirement,but not the determining factor.Therefore,when planting the potato,the varieties,regions which should be considered.And,as the same time,the soil nutrient should be tested for the fertilization.And at last,forming a standardized production technology system which was suitable for different regions and different varieties.