| For early selecting excellent provenience of Trachycarpus fortunei,we collected19 Trachycarpus fortunei provenance seeds from Guizhou and Yunnan province and carried field experiment,to study the variation of seed quality and seed morphology,growth and physiological characteristics,drought resistance and cold resistance in seedling stage for different Trachycarpus fortunei provenances.The aim of study at screening the excellent provenance with good growth,physiology and resistance performance in the seedling stage,to provide the reference for the provenance selection of Trachycarpus fortunei in Guizhou.The results are as follows,(1)The long diameter,short diameter,length and width ratio,absolute dry weight,germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seed viability,soluble sugar content,protein content and starch content of Trachycarpus fortunei seeds from different provenances were significantly different(P < 0.05).Through cluster analysis of Trachycarpus fortunei seed traits from 19 provenances,they were divided into 4 types.The seeds quality of 19 provenances were compreheive evaluated by the method of membership function,the seed quality of Trachycarpus fortunei provenances ranked as follow,Luodian > Bijie Qixingguan District> Zhenfeng > Huishui> Liupanshui Zhongshan District > Honghe> Zunyi>Songtao > Xingyi > Guiyang Huaxi District,Tongren Bijiang District> Rongjiang >Fuquan >Daozhen > Anlong > Changshun> Xishui > Wangmo > Meitan.(2)There were significant difference in seedling height,ground diameter,total root length,total root surface area and biomass among different provenances.The range of height,and diameter of 1 year Trachycarpus fortunei seedling were14.69cm-24.37 cm,2.35mm-5.76 mm respectively.The height,diameter,taproot length,total root length,total root surface area,total root volume and biomass of two-yearsTrachycarpus Fortunei ranged respectively,28.78cm-51.09 cm,8.40mm-21.93 mm,4.73cm-41.20 cm,37.41dm-102.70 dm,127.13cm~2-370.15cm~2,5.52cm3-14.63cm3,4.64g-12.32 g.By principal component comprehensive evaluation and the membership function method,the results showed that these provenances of Luodian,Bijie Qixingguan District,Xingyi in Guizhou,and the Honghe provenience from Yunnan as the ideal provenience,they have better growth performance in Guiyang.(3)The physiological and bio-cheemical indexes(including net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,water use efficiency,light utilization rate,chlorophyll content,nitrate content,root activity)of different Trachycarpus fortunei provenances were significantly different(P<0.05).The physiological indexes and growth indexes of Trachycarpus fortunei seedling with significant correlation Through principal component analysis and comprehensive comparison of membership function method,we preliminary screened four excellent Trachycarpus fortunei provenances with good performance in physiological and bio-cheemical indexes,they are Yunnan Honghe provenience,the Luodian,Bijie Qixingguan District and Xingyi provenience in Guizhou.(4)Under drought stress,the content of soluble sugar,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and relative conductivity of different provenances of Trachycarpus fortune leaf increased with the drought stress time increased,while the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was first increased and then decreased,the results of variance analysis showed significant difference(P<0.05)in net photosynthetic rate and the water use efficiency of different provenances.30 d after rewatering,9 provenances survival rate was 100%,7 provenances of survival rate between 80-90%,the survival rate of Zhenfeng and Anlong provenance is only 60%.By comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance for 19 provenances using membership function method,the result showed these provenances from Bijie Qixingguan District,Changshun,Xishui and Xingyi in Guizhou with the stronger drought resistance than other provenances.(5)Under the low temperature condition,the relative conductivity and leaf injury rate of various source Trachycarpus fortune increases with decreasing temperature,the semi lethal temperature is between-17.4 to-22 ℃,The cold resistance of Trachycarpus fortune seedling from differern provenances ranked from strong to weak as follow,Bijie Qixingguan District> Luodian > Zunyi > Anlong > Fuquan >Guiyang Huaxi District >Wangmo,Xingyi > Zhenfeng > Meitan > Honghe >Xishui > Huishui,Rongjiang > Daozhen,Changshun> Tongren Bijiang District>Songtao,Liupanshui Zhongshan District.(6)By the comprehensive evaluation for growth,physiological and resistance of different provenances Trachycarpus fortune seedling,the results indicated that the comprehensive performance of different Trachycarpus fortunei provenances in seedling stage as follow,Bijie Qixingguan District> Luodian >Honghe > Xingyi>Xishui > Zunyi > Tongren Bijiang Distric> Liupanshui Zhongshan District> Huishui>Changshun > Fuquan>Guiyang Huaxi District> Wangmo > Rongjiang > Zhenfeng >Anlong > Songtao> Daozhen.The study suggested that the provenance of Bijie Qixingguan District,Luodian and Xingyi in Guizhou and Honghe provenance in Yunnan have better performance at the seedling stage in Guiyang. |
