| Selenium is the necessary trace elements in humans and animals,the best way to supplement selenium contentfor the human body is through the intake of organic selenium.The basic mechanism of selenium absorption from the soil has been deepened,but the root of the plant is in the soil Rhizosphere soil microbes and root symbiotic microorganisms have an important effect on the mineral nutrient absorptionIn order to study the mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on the selenium uptake of leguminous plants,soybean was selected as the research object,and the symbiotic and non-symbiotic groups were set up and treatmented by selenium for 10 days.RNA-seq technology was used to analyze the difference of gene expression,and the root exudates were analyzed by GC-MS the flavonoid secondary metabolites in the Symbiont roots were analyzed by making use of LC-MS,To study the changes of the transcriptional groups of symbiotic soybean roots under AMF symbiotic conditions,and to study the differences in the expression of secondary secretions and flavonoid secondary metabolites.Get the following conclusions:1.Effects of AMF symbiosis on soybean selenium uptake.The half-lethal selenium concentration of symbiotic soybeans was treated with 10 mg/kg,after 20 days of culture,the infection rate of AMF symbiotic soybean reached 28.27%.The biomass increased by 18.9% after AMF was symbiotic with soybean.The lethal selenium concentration increased by 3.84%,and AMF could increase this effect by21.46%.It also increased the biomass of non-symbiotic soybean by 18.98%,but had little effect on the biomass of symbiotic soybean.The content of selenium decreased from 68.025mg/kg to 42.6876mg/kg in root,and the content of selenium decreased from 0.1257mg/kg to 0.1021mg/kg in leaf.The selenium content decreased with the increase of AMF.The content of selenium decreased from 68.025mg/kg to 42.6876mg/kg,and the content of selenium decreased from 0.1257mg/kg to 0.1021mg/kg,And the selenium content decreased with the increase of AMF colonization rate.2.Effects of AMF symbiotic and selenium on soybean root transcriptome.The results showed that selenium in AMF symbiosis significantly promoted the expression of Adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate Reductase 3(APR3)and serine acetyltransferase(Serine acetyltransferase,Cys E)uptake,which may result in increased cysteine or selenocysteine synthesis.Selenium increased symbiotic soybean root gibberellin,auxin and mitogen gene expression,and promote the growth of soybean.Selenium increased the expression of AAA-ATPase 1 in soybean up to 1.64 times,enhancing the transport of root carbohydrates.In the selenium supplementation,AMF symbiotic promoted the expression of Pht1;1 and 1;3 in soybean roots,increasing by 6.47 and5.43 times,increasing the uptake of soybean phosphorus,but decreasing the expression of Pht3;1 by 1.37 times and decreasing the exchange rate of phosphorus in mitochondria.AMF symbiotic also promoted the expression of sucrose synthase 3 and4 up to 2.18,3.04 times,increasing the metabolic rate of sucrose.Soybean Nrt2;4expression in nitrogen deficiency,after selenium,the expression decreased by 2.08 times,indicating that selenium promoted soybean nitrogen uptake andtransport.Heavy metal transport class gene expression increased more than 1times,excessive or toxic substances discharged from the cells.Selenium and AMF symbiotic APS reductase3 expression up to 2 times,increased selenate into selenite and Se-2,and further production of cysteine,increased soybean phosphorus uptake,but Pht3;1 expression down 1.37 times,reducing the exchange rate of phosphorus in mitochondria.AMF symbiotic also promoted the expression of sucrose synthase 3 and4 up to 2.18,3.04 times,increasing the metabolic rate of sucrose.Soybean's Nrt2;4expression in nitrogen deficiency,selenium,the expression decreased by 2.08 times,indicating that selenium promoted soybean nitrogen uptake and transport.Heavy metal transport class gene expression increased more than 1 times,excessive or toxic substances discharged from the cells.Selenium and AMF symbiotic APS reductase3 expression up to 2 times,increased selenate into selenite and Se-2,and further production of cysteine.Soybean Nrt2;4 expression in the absence of nitrogen,Indicating that selenium promotes soybean nitrogen uptake and transport.Heavy metal transport class gene expression increased more than 1times,excessive or toxic substances discharged from the cells.APS reductase3 expression increased nearly 2 timesby selenium and AMF symbiotic increased selenate into selenite and Se-2,and further production of cysteine.3.Effects of Selenium on Transcriptome of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi.Selenium promoted AMF transcriptase group ABCE1/B6 and solute carrier family uptrended more than 10,accelerated AMF nutrient uptake,ion transport and waste discharge.The increase in the expression of Ndufs and AMF phosphorylase in the AMF,it will increasing the oxidation of mitochondrial fatty acids.Selenium promoted phosphoglycerate kinase expression increased by 13.4 times,promoted by AMF glycolysis pathway,while increasing the expression of succinylated CoA synthase,high citrate synthase,pyruvate dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase,Carboxylic acid cycle.Selenium by down-regulating the expression of AMF heat shock protein 12.22 times to adapt to adversity,while inhibiting glutathione peroxidase,glutathione S-transferase,glutamine synthetase,hydroxy glutathione hydrolase,The expression of S-adenosylmethionine synthase affects the synthesis and metabolism of selenium.Control of membrane permeability of vacuolar protein 8downregulated,indicating that selenium in the vacuole metabolism may be inhibited.Selenium promotes phosphoglycerate kinase expression,reaching 13.4 times,promotes AMF glycolysis pathway,while increasing the expression of succinylated CoA synthase,high citrate synthase,pyruvate dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase.Selenium promoted phosphoglycerate kinase expression,reached 13.4times,promoted the glycolytic pathway of AMF,and increased the expression of succinylated CoA synthase,high citrate synthase,pyruvate dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase,which promote tricarboxylic acid cycle.Soybean adaptation to stress was reduced by 12.22 times the expression of AMF heat shock protein by selenium.Selenium affects the synthesis and metabolism of soybean selenium by inhibiting by inhibiting the expression of glutathione peroxidase,glutathione S-transferase,glutamine synthetase,hydroxy glutathione hydrolase,S-adenosylmethionine synthase.Control of membrane permeability ofvacuolar protein 8 downregulated,indicating that selenium in the vacuole metabolism may be inhibited.4.Effects of AMF and Selenium on Soybean Root Exudates.The addition of selenium during the AMF symbiotic promotes the secretion of o-tetrachlorobenzoquinone,undecyl cyclopentane and hexadecene in soybean roots.Hexadecene can improve the phosphorus solubility,the release of phosphorus in the soil,and with iron,calcium and other metal ions to form chelates.In the case of selenium supplementation,AM significantly promoted soybean root secretion of azelaic acid,phenylacetic acid and morpholine.(E)-detetracarbodecenoic acid,2-(3-bromo-phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-Isoindol-1-one is only affected by AMF symbiosis.(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid,tridecane,tridecanoic acid and tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone have nothing to do with AMF and selenium.5.Effects of AMF and Selenium on Flavonoids in Soybean Roots.The main constituents of flavonoids in soybean roots were apigenin O-malonyl hexoside,apigenin,pentamethoxyflavone,apigenin 5-O-glycoside and tannin,which contained the total flavonoid content Of more than 80%.Apigenin O-Malonylhexoside and apigenin are the two most active substances.Apigenin in a separate selenium or symbiotic,the content will produce significant changes,but in the symbiotic selenium,its content is no longer a significant change.Apralin O-malonyl hexoside,apigenin5-O-glycoside and pentamethoxy flavonoids were not affected by AMF and selenium.AMF inhibited the increase in the content of symbiotic soybean roots tannin. |
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