Study On Desertification Control And Economy Development In SiZiWang Qi

Land desertification is the main form of environmental degradation in the arid and semiarid region in the north of China. It is also one of the major problems which seriously influence people's production and life. Picking typical and representative areas to conduct comprehensive, systematic and in-depth research on land desertification and measures of its prevention, finding out the origin and status of the desertification, the harm, the causes, the characteristics, the mechanism, the process, etc, and actively exploring scientific and effective measures of prevention and control, have important scientific and practice significance for the rational use of land resources, the promotion of the coordinated and sustainable development of nature, economy and society, and the improvement of people's production and living environment.SiZiWang Qi is located in the arid region. In the special natural conditions, due to the long-term unreasonable utilization of resource and the backward mode of production,1.7 million hectares (accounting for 67% of the total land) land have witnessed different levels of desertification. The main reflections are as follows:(a) the surface soil of the cultivated land has become thin and coarsening for wind erosion. The surface soil of the land influenced by desertification is eroded by wind 1-2 cm annually on average, and the effective soil of cultivated land is less than 25 cm. The dry white soil of some cultivated land has been patchily exposed on the surface, (b) The nutrient content in the soil such as soil organic matter has decreased obviously. According to the test, the organic matter in the soil of the land influenced by desertification is lower as much as 5% than that of the uninfluenced land. At the same time, the nutrient content and the physical and chemical properties of the surface soil of the arable desertification land are lower than those of the heart, (c) Because of the cattle trampling and wind effect, the surface soil of natural grassland has become loose; the grass has become dwarf, the density reduced and the structure worsened; the native vegetation has gradually declined, whereas the poisonous and harmful plants have invaded, (d) Loose sandy sediment or bush, bush sand appeared. In some areas, especially the staggered area of agriculture and pastoral, there are more than 250 bush (caragana primarily) sand piles in the arable land or grassland per hectare on average, with a height of 50-100 cm.The occurrence and development of the desertification lead to the worsening ecological system structure, the declining function, the weakening land capability of self-control and self-recovery and the dropping land ability of production. They may even cause the loss of available resources. Generally speaking, the food production of desertification land fell by 20% or so, and the pasture yield of grass fell by 25%.Studyingthe dialectical relationship between economy and environment for the work of environmental protection is of great significance.We can understand the problem of environment much more exactly, which is generated from economic activityand needs to be solved in the process of production. Economic activity are the main aspects of contradiction. So the environmental problems is mainly economic problems finally.If the environmental problems is turned to be more serious, it will stop the development of economy.Based on the natural, economic and social conditions in desert area, we will set up the concept "to protect indevelopment, to develop in protection". Making full use of modern science and technology to adjust the structure, convert themode, protect ecology, promot development, vigorously develop modern agriculture and effcient animal husbandry.Economy development should never be at the cost of the environment.They are both important to us. As a result,we should strike a balance between them. A sustainable development is what we pursue. However,if we give our top priority on environment protection, we will benefit a lot. That is,we should persist in the sustainable development. We need to plant more trees, return farmland to forest.Proposing green economy and circulation economy are also very important. To our greet joy,many countries have taken action. On one hand,they have made relevant laws and regulations and put huge amounts of money to the environment protection. On the other hand,popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out.Finding out the origin and status of the desertification, the harm, the causes, the characteristics, the mechanism, the process, etc, this paper puts forward the principle to prevent and control desertification, that is, "prevention, control, multi-pronging, comprehensive management". The main ways and measures are:(a) Take advantage of ecological rationality to inhibit the blind pursuit of economic interests. According to the natural law, economic law and social development law, adjust the economic structure, scale and speed of the economy, and promote the harmonious development of man and nature, (b) Adopt economic means to promote the protection of the ecological environment. Making out the ownership and the right to use of the cultivated land, the grassland and the mineral resources, apply The coase theorem in economics to establish and perfect the ecological compensation system and mechanism, solve ecological protection and management problems through the market mechanism, (c) Take advantage of the modern science and technology to transform the mode of farming and animal husbandry production. In agricultural production, vigorously carry out the film drip irrigation technology, shed planting technology, measuring soil fertilization technology, arid coated planting technology, etc; reduce the wind erosion of cultivated land as far as possible. In the animal husbandry production, comprehensively implement measures such as grassing livestock grazing, setting or forbidding feeding, etc., to restore natural vegetation, (d) Take advantage of legal weapons to suppress the resource utilization. Adhere to the policy governing the country according to law, perfect the supervision system, and strengthen law enforcement inspection, to ensure that all kinds of economic activities, all kinds of resources development and utilization, are to be performed within the scope of the law. (e) Educate people to change their ideas. Popularize the knowledge of ecological protection, and strengthen the ecological consciousness of farmers.