| Crop straw is the inevitable by-product in agricultural production.The utilization of straw resources is not only related to soil fertility,soil and water conservation and environment security of soil agricultural ecosystem,but also considerde a major issue related to the sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas.Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign research reports,this thesis focused on the resources of crop straw in Shanxi provinceand evaluated the current situation of crop straw resources and utilization.The main results are as follows:(1)Based on a number of crop field investigation data in Shanxi province,and combined the previous straw coefficient system,this study established a more accurate and organized system.for Shanxi province.These coefficient are as follows:corn(1.17),wheat(1.26),millet(1.59),sorghum(1.60),other grain(1.50),soybean(1.34),potatoes(1.34),other beans(1.6),potato(0.57),sunflower(2.63),flax(2.0),other oilseeds(2.0),cotton(3.0),hemp(1.7),sugar beet(0.37),tobacco(0.71),corn cob(0.15),rice husk coefficient(0.17),peanut shell(0.29),cottonseed shell(0.47)and beet residue(0.06).(2)Based on the new straw coefficient system,and the production data in the "statistical yearbook of Shanxi province",the amount of main crop straw resources in Shanxi province from 1949 and 2013 were estimated,The temporal and spatial distribution of main crops,like corn,wheat,and other grains were also analyzed.Results showed that from 1949 to 2013,the total straw yield in Shanxi Province increased from 3.5753 million to 17.7191 million(nearly 4 times).Tthe average annual growth is 6.18%,which is a large increase amplitude.The total amount of straw and the corn straw resources of all the counties in Shanxi Province varieds with the time passing,We also found that the imbalance of the spatial distribution was more obvious with the time passing.The high-yield regions were found in the five largest basin area,while the low-yield area usually concentrated in areas on both sides of the mountain terrain.The spatial distribution of wheat straw decreased gradually from south to north.The straw of cereals,beans,potato and oil crop straw distribution showed different spatial distribution.(3)Regarding the volumes of collectable resources,per capita straw resources and per unit area straw resources as index set,crop straw resources of county level administrative units in Shanxi province were comprehensively The straw resources in Shanxi Province showedt four types,including rich resource areas,less-abundant resource areas,general resource areas and insufficient resource area.In addition,according to the clustering analysis,the internal structure of straw could be divided into three categories,corn straw,corn/wheat straw and cereal crops straw.(4)Through referring to the relevant literature and a large number of field surveys,we concluded that there are five ways of straw-utilizing in Shanxi province.In different ways of straw-utilizing,crop straw were mostly used as fertilizer about 35%.Followed by feed,about 20%.The precentage of fuel and industrial raw materials is respectively 7.3%and 3.7%.While the other utilization is 34%.Overall,the utilization level of crop straw in Shanxi province is relatively low,and the comprehensive utilization rate is 60.25%.There are a series of problems,such as serious burning,low level of scale and industrialization.Therefore,combining the comprehensive evaluation of crop straw and the clustering analysis of the internal structure of straw resources,six straw utilization and development regions were divided.These results would be helpful to propose different scheme of straw utilization for different regions,andl provide a theoretical basis to explore a suitable utilization scheme for Shanxi province. |
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