Case Study On Canine Urolithiasis In Urumqi Area

Canine urolithiasis is a common disease in small animal disease. The prime symptom of urolithiasis is dysuria. While the disease gets aggravated, it would lead to cystorrhexis or renal failure. It is reported that urolithiasis is associated with factors, such as age, gender, environment, dietary, hormones, heredity ect, and it takes a high recurrent rate. In order to study canine urolithiasis in Urumqi, improve the treatment effect of urinary stone, reduce the risk of urolithiasis recurrence, lessen canine’s suffering, lower the owner’s economical burden, it is necessary to study cases of canine urolithiasis in Urumqi.The 66 canine urolithiasis cases was collected from 3 animal hospitals in 2015. Through recording cases and results of clinical examination on dogs, urolithiasis was confirmed, and these records could make it possible for studying the relationship between urolithiasis and factors below, such as canine’s breed, age, gender, season characteristic, dietary structure, etc. Through qualitative chemical analysis, the chemical composition of calculi could be detected, and the common types of calculi could be concluded in Urumqi area. Through analyzing water hardness, it might be possible to discuss the relationship between canine calculi and water hardness. Results:(1) The result of cases study showed that Crossbreed dog, Pomeranian, Schnauzer and Pekingese occupied a high incidence rate of canine calculi. Adult dogs took a high incidence rate of calculi, especially at the age from 5 to 13, it took 87.9%. Male dogs were more likely to suffer urolithiasis than female dogs, however, the result came to the opposite at the age from 8 to 10. Autumn was the frequently occurring season in Urumqi. Dogs with high protein food intake and simply dietary structure could lead a high risk in urolithiasis. Urethral stone and bladder stone were prone to occur in male dog, while bladder stone was prone to occur in female dog. It showed that the recurrence rate of calculi was 18.2%. According to the result, veterinaries’ suggestions should focus on prevention measures while it came to affected breeds, which include improving the dietary structure, drinking plenty of water, especially in autumn, and reminding the owners taking regular physical examination on their dogs, so that it is convenient to control urolithiasis.(2) The result of qualitative chemical analysis of canine calculi showed that magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium oxalate were the main kinds of these collected stones. Since different factors leaded to the two kinds of calculi, vets should make different treatment and prevention measures. The treatment principle of dogs with struvite is to lower the pH of urine and control urinary infection. While the treatment principle of dogs with calcium oxalates is to increase the pH of urine, reduce high oxalate foods intake, and increase the amount of drinking water and urine.(3) The result on relationship between urolithiasis occurrence and water hardness showed that water from Xinshi district was tested the hardest, while the district took the highest rate of urolithiasis occurring. It is suggested that the owners should give their dogs clean drinking water, and refresh their water timely.