A Research On The Construction System Of The Residential Buildings In The Late Qing Dynasty Of Qixia Mous' Manor

The object of this research is the residential buildings in the manor of the landlord in the late Qing Dynasty which is the most complete manor in Jiaodong region.Based on the analysis of its historical background and cultural background,starting with the whole village,this paper explores its spatial development context and connection.The construction of the space and the construction of brick and wood of the manor is the two major priorities of this research.The analysis and summary of spatial form,spatial combination,detail practice and architectural decoration are carried out in detail.Through the analysis and interpretation of the residential buildings of Mous' Manor,the study makes the research of Jiaodong folk house and the domestic feudal landlord manor more perfect.Through several trips to the manor and the ancient town of Ducun,field surveys,surveying and photographing,recording and visits,combined with modeling and computer simulation to truly reproduce and restore techniques,the research has continuously explored the characteristics of spatial composition and spatial planning,and discovered the unique features in the building construction process with excellent space use efficiency.It explores the artistic and cultural value of Mous' Manor which is the representative of Jiaodong folk house.The content of the paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introduction.This chapter summarizes the background and significance of the research,the main contents and research methods,and the related research status.And it illustrates the research framework briefly.The second chapter starting from the historical evolution of the Mous' Manor and Guzhendu Village,analyzes and summarizes the layout and the current street,natural environment of the entire Manor and Village.It explains and analyzes the six courtyards and the surrounding environment of Mou's manor radically and provides a clue and theoretical basis for the later study.The third chapter begins with the location factors,development context and courtyard construction of the six courtyards,and analyzes and elaborates the basic combination forms and spatial types of the Mous' Manor Courtyard,and research the function relationship of the courtyard space and its combination mode.It summarizes the characteristics of the layout of the courtyard and the composition of spatial elements;discovers and summarizes the unique space in the manor.The fourth chapter takes Dongzhonglai,one of the six major courtyards,as an example,making an in-depth analysis of the functions of each building in the reversely-set house,front hall,living room,mortuary,back room,podium,and wing room.Restoring the function of each building in a group of courtyards at that time;and explaining the wooden frame form,wall,roof,doors and windows,etc.Then it paves the way for the following construction techniques through plot map analysis.The fifth chapter takes the study of the brick and wood structure construction method as an important part.Making a detailed explanation of construction of the bases,timber frames,roofs,walls,and concrete nodes of buildings.It selects the most representative two-story seven-story corridorless architectural form(Miss Xizhonglai Building)to analyze the construction process of the building.Then true reduction techniques are used to develop an in-depth study of its construction process,the overlapping of brick and wood structure,the role of components,the installation of components,the characteristics of the component nodes and the characteristics of the wall roof,as well as to summarize the construction techniques and characteristics of the architecture of the Mous' manor.The sixth chapter develops an analysis and elaboration of the artistic features of the Mous' Manor and the craftsman's expression of beauty architecture.Which explains and summarizes of the manor-specific decorative elements,uniqueness of architectural decoration,door and window decoration and large sample.It explains the decorative art of the landlord manor,the characteristics of its components,and its uniqueness.Embodying the combination of architectural art and Jiaodong culture and discovering the cultural value of manor architecture art.Conclusions:A summary of the wisdom of the construction of courtyard space and the construction of brick and wood structures of the Mous' Manor,which is aimed at protecting and renovating the residential buildings in Jiaodong,providing a valuable reference for the protection of architectural heritage in Jiaodong.