The Reaserch Relying On The Natural Topography For Water Landscape Design Method Among Chongqing Colleges And Universities

Where there is a hill or water,there is a landscape.As the symbol of spirituality and wisdom,water has always been regarded as one of the most important element in Chinese garden.With the increasing investment in higher education and expectation of campus environment from the general public,water has been used widely in campus planning and construction due to its highly appealing for the modern society.When the campus is located on a flat place,water landscape can be constructed according to its specific functional need.If the campus is sited on a mountain,then there are more choices for artists to design the water landscape relating to the terrain.In this paper,we take the water landscapes in universities of Chongqing as examples,exploring the new ideas of designing water landscapes according to the natural terrain.The main work of this paper can be concluded as follows:(1)According to our research of water landscapes in universities of Chongqing which are based on natural terrain,we analyzed and concluded the development and functions of water landscapes in universities.What is more,this paper provides four valuable ways in constructing water landscapes,including where it comes,along with waterfront,etc;(2)After analyzing water landscapes of universities in the urban area of Chongqing,we select those based on the natural terrain and divide them into three main categories,drop type,layer type and straight type.We study seven main factors which might have influences on water landscapes,involving location,layout,structures,roads in the campus,source and quality of the water landscape,plants surrounded and landscape sketch.Finally,we analyze the characteristics of each kind of water landscape design and the design of the lack of water relying on the natural terrain features among Chongqing colleges and universities;(3)Based on the theoretical research and investigation,this paper puts forward six rules for designing water landscapes in universities based on natural terrain.They are overall visual principle,natural ecological principle,landscape characteristic principle,humanistic care principle,regional characteristic principle and cultural inheritance principle.We propose a reasonable method of relying on terrain to rich water body shape according to the influence of terrain on the plane shape of water body.Based on the layout,we design the water landscape according to the topography,the buildings surrounded and the spatial pattern.Due to the influence of campus pattern on water landscapes,we optimize the space distribution to form an appropriate space scale.Additionally,we put forward a method to achieve water hydrophilic by increasing the quietness of water space and enriching the variety of transportation.According to the water source and quality,we use the rainwater and surface runoff and protect the quality of water with zoology-first strategy.Due to the plant selection and configuration,we enrich plant species according to seasonal changes,characteristics of the campus and different levels of the plant.The method of us also take cultural,spatial layout and multi-function into consideration according to the landscape sketch.At the same time,for the drop type water landscape,layered water landscape and straight water landscape,we put forward detailed design methods for them respectively.