The Walkability Measurement And Optimization Study Of Winter Cities

Walking is the most important and ecological mode of daily transportation,which can reduce traffic congestion,environmental effects;and also has remarkable social,economic and environmental benefits.As the main destinations of residents' activities,daily service facilities carry the city public life and cult ural needs.For this reason that the walkability of these facilities has important significance to enhance residents' living environment,promote green pedestrian travelling and achieve the equalization of basic public services.The special climatic condit ions,especially the cold climate can greatly affect pedestrian environment and pedestrian behavior.The walkability research in winter under cold climate has the direct bearing on winter livability and pedestrian friendliness.There are few domestic resea rches at present on walkability under extreme climate.Consequently,the walkability measu rement and majorization study under the influence of cold climate characteristics is an urgent problem to solve in cold region.This fundamental research concludes the basic urban climate research in cold region,and analyze the influence of urban climate on the physical environment.And also includes theory research and practical experience of walkability,and analyzed their advantages and disadvantages to clearly confirm walkability connotation,measurement,method and Application.The fundamental research can provide theoretical support for the subsequent construction.Secondly,using field investigation and questionnaire interviews to understand the impact of climat e on the pedestrian traffic environment,the characteristics of pedestrian travel and the difference of daily service facilities.The study choose 9 types of facilities and determined their weights Combined with the relevant standard classification of walk s core facilities and analyze the development status of daily service facilities by Internet data.Thirdly,the attenuation law of residents in different seasons was obtained based on the survey and questionnaire survey study to grasp the influence of cold weather on walkability.The study structure an optimized walkability measurement under cold climate which included walking attenuation law,road network data and daily service facilities data.Firstly,the walking index calculation steps and the evaluation criteria for the cold city has been confirmed.In the case of the main area of Harbin,to realize the visualization of the results of walkability in Harbin,this paper used Arc GIS software and data processing operations to get single point walk score and cover walk score by Ordinary Kriging.The results of walkability were compared with the evaluation results of the ordinary season and winter,which can be used in the optimization strategy of walkability in winter city,and to promote the sustainable development of the city and the improvement of winter walkability.