Study On The Risk Assessment Of Fire Fighting And Rescue In High-rise Buildings

With the rapid growth of the world economy and city construction,the complex structure of tall buildings,high-rise fire accidents with also suffered a huge threat to people's personal safety and property safety.Compared with ordinary fire,high-rise fire has the characteristics of large fire,rapid expansion,narrow fire fighting area and difficult evacuation.Due to limitations of complexity by building construction and fire fighting facilities,there still exists the evacuation difficult,difficult and high operating water supply constraints,high-rise building fire rescue situation is still very grim.First of all,based on the characteristics of fire accidents of high-rise building,based on expert consultation,literature reference and actual examples,extracted 15 factors of high-rise building fire fighting and rescue operations,the use of system theory,builds the 5 hierarchical high-rise building fire fighting and rescue operations of the interpretative structural model(ISM).Through the analysis of the relationship between the various influencing factors of high-rise building fire rescue operations,finally got three factors influence layer of high-rise building fire fighting and rescue operations: surface factors(direct),middle layer(indirect)influence factors and deep influence factors(root).Secondly,with the analysis of the factors affecting the rescue fire of high-rise building,combined with the actual situation of fire fighting and rescue work,from the general situation,high-rise building fire fire personnel,fire equipment configuration,fire forces and tactical level,and safety management five aspects of the establishment of comprehensive evaluation index system of fire risk rescue of high-rise buildings destroyed,and the whole index system analysis.Through the issuance of expert scoring table,using the weighted evaluation expert scoring method for high-rise building fire rescue risk comprehensive evaluation index system of quantify,determine the weight coefficient of each index,to make good bedding for the construction of high-rise building fire risk evaluation model of comprehensive rescue.Finally,according to the comprehensive evaluation index system of fire fighting and rescue risk of high-rise building,the principal component analysis(PCA)method is adopted to evaluate the risk of fire fighting and rescue in high-rise building.In the process of comprehensive evaluation,combined with statistical software SPSS,the multiple evaluation indexes are reduced by dimension operation,which reduces the complexity of each evaluation index and makes the relationship simple.The application of PCA to the real life,aiming at the city within the jurisdiction of the five different types of fire safety of high-rise building fire rescue action is to make an objective evaluation,in order to obtain a fire rescue in the presence of risk.Analysis of the fire equipment,safety management and high-rise building fire situation,these three indicators play a leading role in fire fighting and rescue.This research can provide a powerful reference for fire department in fire fighting and rescue in high-rise building,and then bring about a great breakthrough in improving rescue efficiency and reducing casualties.